Nāwab Jafar Alī Khān had sent to Calcutta his kinsman, Mīr Muḥammad Qāsim,* who was a son of Nawab Imtiāz Khān, sur­named Khāliṣ, to represent him at the Conference regarding the Administration and settlement of the apportionment of 10 annas of the revenue to Jafar Alī Khān and six annas to the English, and regarding the enjoyment of the office of Dīwān by Jafar Alī Khān. On the death of Ṣadīq Alī Khān, the Army demanding their pay which had fallen into arrear for some years mutinied in a body, besieged the Nawāb in the Chihil Satūn Palace, and cut off supplies of food and water. In consequence, the Nawāb wrote to Mīr Muḥammad Qāsim Khān to the effect that the army had reduced him to straits for demand of arrear pay. Mīr Muḥam­mad Qāsim Khān, in concert with Jagat Set, conspired with the English Chiefs, and induced the latter to write to Nawāb Jafar Alī Khān to the effect that the mutiny of the army for demand of pay was a very serious matter, and that it was advisable that the Nawāb abandoning the Fort should come down to Calcutta, entrusting the Fort and the Ṣūbah to Mīr Muḥammad Qāsim Khān.* Mīr Muḥammad Qāsim with full self-confidence, on attaining his aim, returned to Murshidābād. The English Chiefs leaguing with Mīr Muḥammad Qāsim Khān brought out Nawāb Jafar Khān from the Fort, placed him on a boat, and sent him down to Calcutta. Mīr Qāsim Khān entered the Fort, mounted the masnad of Nizāmat, and issued proclamations of peace and security in his own name. He sent a message to Rāj­ballab* to bring back the Emperor to Azīmābād, whilst he himself afterwards set out for Azīmābad, in order to wait on the Emperor, after attending to and reassuring his army, and making some settlement in regard to their arrears of pay. Leaving his uncle, Mīr Turāb Alī Khān, as Deputy Nāzim in Murshidābād, Mīr Qāsim carried with himself all his effects, requisites, elephants, horses, and treasures comprising cash and jewelleries of the harem, and even gold and silver decorations of the Imāmbāra, amounting to several laks in value, and bade farewell to the country of Bengal. After arriving at Monghyr, and attending to the work of strengthening its fortifications,* he marched to Azīmābād (Patna), in order to wait on the Emperor. Before Mīr Qāsim’s arrival at Azīmābād, the Emperor had returned to that place, and the English going forward to receive him had accommodated His Majesty in their own Factory.* Sub­sequently, Qāsim Alī Khān also arrived, had the honour of an audience with the Emperor, and received from the latter the title of Nawāb Alī Jāh Naṣiru-l-mulk Imtiāzu-d-daulah Qāsim Alī Khān Naṣrat Jang. But the officers of the Emperor marking some change in the conduct of Qāsim Alī Khān marched back with the Emperor to Banāras, without giving any intimation thereof to the aforesaid Khān.* Nawāb Qāsim Alī Khān followed them up to the confines of Baksār and Jagadishpūr, and after pillag­ing those places returned to Azīmābād, halted at the residence of Rāmnarāin, and set himself to the work of administration of the affairs of that place.*

When Qāsim Alī Khān demanded from the English duties on their trade-goods, the latter refused to pay the same, and carried on their trade duty-free.* Nawāb Qāsim Alī Khān remitted thereupon the duties leviable from all the traders of Bengal and Behār, and declared that so long as he failed to levy duties from the rich, he would hold back his hand from doing so, in the case of the poor. Owing to this cause, and owing to some other matters, a misunderstanding set in between him and the English chiefs. The Nawāb now hatched plans for exterminating them.* At length, he formed the resolution of putting them all to the sword on one day. In pursuance of this plan, he sent despatches to his Deputies and Faujdārs in Bengal to the effect that on a cer­tain fixed date everywhere, they should by means of treachery or violence massacre all the English residents. And after personally giving peremptory injunctions to the Generals of his army to kill and capture and pillage and plunder the English, he returned to Monghyr. And when on the day fixed, the army of Qāsim Alī Khān prepared to discharge their commissioned task, a battle ensued with the English army*. At length after successive onslaughts, Nawab Qāsim Alī Khān’s army triumphed,* and engaging in capturing and killing slew all the English, and plundered their factories. But Ṣadru-l-Ḥaq Khān, Faujdār of Dinājpūr, and the Rājah of Bardwān held back their hands from this wretched work.

When Nawab Qāsim Alī Khān made his entry into Monghyr, he summoned to his presence all the officers of the Nizāmat of Bengal, and set himself to the work of administering the several Provinces. And summoning to Monghyr, one by one, the Rāi Rāiān Umid Rāi, his son, Kalī Parshād, Rāmkishor, Rājballab, Jagat Set Mahtāb Rāi, Rājah Sarūp Chānd (Jagat Set’s brother), the Zamindars of Dinājpūr, Nadīah, Khirahpūr,* Bīrbhūm, and Rājshāhī, &c., and Dulāl Rāi, Dīwān of Bhujpūr, Fatih Singh, the Rājah of Tikarī, son of Rājah Sundar, and Rāmnarāin, Deputy Governor of the Ṣūbah of Azīmābād, Muḥammad Maṣūm, and Munshī Jagat Rāī and others, the Nawāb threw them into prison. And after strengthening the Fort of Monghyr, the Nawāb sent a large army to Bengal. In the vicinity of Rājmahal, on the banks of the river Adhūah, he reviewed his army, and sent des­patches to the Faujdārs and the Deputy Nāzim of Bengal, direct­ing and instructing them peremptorily to fight with the English. Amongst them, Shaikh Hidāyitu-l-lah,* Deputy Faujdār of Nadīah, with a large army, Jafar Khān, and Ālam Khān, Commandant of the Turkish bodyguard of the Nawāb, swiftly advanced to Katwāh, to fight. From the other side, the English army proclaiming Nawāb Jafar Alī Khān as Ṣubadar of Bengal, and taking him in their company advanced to fight, and at a distance of two karoh entrenched itself at Dainhāt.* On the 3rd of the month of Muhar­ram, both the armies arraying themselves for battle kindled the fire of warfare. The army of Qāsim Alī Khān, after the fall of a number of men whose moment for death had arrived, being defeated, fled to Palāsī (Plassey) to Muḥammad Taqī Khān, Faujdār of Bīrbhūm. After two or three days, when the army of Bengal had collected together, the English Generals arrived pursuing them. Muḥammad Taqī Khān, with a large army, advanced to fight, but fell on being wounded with a gun-shot. His army being defeated, retired to Murshidābād. Syed Muḥammad Khān, who held the office of Deputy Nāzim of Bengal after the departure of Mīr Turab Alī Khān for Monghyr, came out of the City of Murshidābād with the troops at hand, and entrenched himself at Chuna-Khālī. But when the news of the approach of the English army arrived, his troops (many of whom had already received wounds in their fightings with the English) without engaging in battle and without firing their guns and muskets abandoned their entrench­ments, and fled to Sūtī. The army of Qāsim Alī Khān arrived at Sūtī, where Sumroo the Frenchman, with other Generals and troops, was already from before. But the English not abandoning their pursuit followed them up, and a great battle ensued at Sūtī. In that the star of Nawab Qāsim Alī Khān’s luck was waning, and the fortune of the English was in the ascendant, after severe fight­ing, in this battle also the English triumphed. The army of Nawab Qāsim Alī Khān, unable to stand the cannonade of the English artillery, were defeated, and retired to the banks of the Adhūah nalla, which was their camping ground from before. There all the troops of the Nawāb collected together, and renewed fighting. At length, many of the Generals of Nawab Qāsim Alī Khān’s army, including Gurgīn Khān, Commander of the Nawāb’s Artillery corps, as well as others, conspired with the English. The English, thus freed from anxiety, made a night-attack, and broke the Nawāb’s army, which fled. A severe defeat was thus sustained by the Nawāb. The defeated army in a worsted con­dition retreated to Monghyr. Nawab Qāsim Ali Khān, on receiv­ing news of this defeat, lost heart, and was thrown into consterna­tion. In view of the disloyalty and treachery of the traitors who had eaten his salt, the Nawāb felt himself unequal for a contest, and abandoning all ideas of warfare he set out in an anxious mood for Azīmābād. The Nawab now killed Gurgīn Khān on account of his treachery, and also slew Jagat Set and his brother, who were the plotters of this treacherous conspiracy, and who had sent out secret messages inviting Jafar Alī Khān and the Chris­tian English, and whose treasonable correspondence had been intercepted. The Nawāb also killed other Zamindars, &c., who from before were in prison, and each of whom was unrivalled in his day for hatching plots and intrigues. After arrival at Azīmābād, there, too, not finding himself secure, the Nawab sent his Begams to the Fort of Rohtas, whilst he himself proceeded to the Sūbah of Oudh to the Vazīrul-Mulk Nawāb Shujāu-d-daulah Bahādur. There also he fell out with the Nawāb-Vizier, who confiscated much of his treasures. From thence departing, the Nawab retired to the hills, and in those tracts he lingered some years in various mishaps, and at length died.*

After Qāsim Alī Khān’s defeat, the English Chiefs again placed Nawāb Jafar Alī Khān on the masnad of the Nizāmat of Bengal. Ten annas of the revenue of the Provinces were allotted to the English for their service as Dīwān, whilst six annas of the same were held by Nawāb Jafar Alī Khān. This time also for a period of three years, after displaying great feebleness in his Nizāmat, in the year 1178 A.H., Nawāb Jafar Alī Khān died. The English Chiefs placed on the masnad of Nizāmat his son, Najmu-d-daulah,* and appointed Nawāb Muḥammad Rizā Khän Bahādur Muzaffar Jang to the office of Nāib Nāzim (Deputy Nāzim). Najmu-d-daulah, after sitting on the masnad of Nizāmat for two years, passed to the regions of eternity. After Najmu-d-daulah’s death, his youn­ger brother, Saifu-d-daulah* succeeded to the masnad of Nizāmat, whilst Nawāb Muzaffar Jang continued to hold the office of Nāib Nāzim. Saifu-d-daulah after holding the Nizāmat for two years died of small-pox; and another brother of his, Mubāriku-d-daulah, succeeded to the masnad of Nizāmat. The English Chiefs removing Nawāb Muḥammad Rizā Khān Muzaffar Jang from the office of Deputy Nāzim, have fixed sixteen laks* of rupees as an annual allowance for the Nāzim. This amount the English pay each year. The English have now acquired domination over the three Ṣubahs, and have appointed Ẓilādārs* (District Officers) at various places. They have established in Calcutta the Khāliṣah Kacharī (the Court for Crown-lands), make assessments and col­lections of revenue, administer justice, appoint and dismiss Amils (Collectors of revenue), and also perform other functions of the Nizāmat. And up to the date of the completion of this History, namely 1202* A.H., corresponding to the thirty-first year of the reign of Emperor Shāh Ālam, the sway and authority of the English prevail over all the three Ṣubahs of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa.