On Saturday the 29th of the first Rabīa, I presented Askeri with a dagger enriched with precious stones, a belt, and a complete royal dress of honour; gave him the standard, the horsetail, the kettle-drum, and a stud of Tipchāk horses, ten elephants, a string of camels, a string of mules, and a royal equipage and camp-furniture, com­manding him withal to take his seat at the head of a hall of state. I gave Mulla Dudu Atkeh a pair of buskins ornamented with rich buttons,* and presented his other servants with thrice nine vests.*

Nov. 13.
Visits Sul-
tan Mu-
hammed
Bakhshi.

On Sunday, the last day of the month, I went to Sultan Muhammed Bakhshi’s house. The streets were spread with rich stuffs, and he brought and offered me a sāchāk, or formal present*; the peshkesh, or tributary offering, which he presented, in money and effects, exceeded two laks.* After dining and receiving this peshkesh, we retired into another apartment, where we sat down and indulged in a maajūn. About the third watch I rose, crossed the river, and went to my private apartments.

Dec. 17.
Orders
post-houses
to be built
from Agra
to Kābul.

On Thursday, the 4th of the latter Rabīa, I directed Chikmāk Beg, by a writing under the royal hand and seal,* to measure the distance from Agra to Kābul; that at every nine kos he should raise a minār, or turret, twelve gaz in height, on the top of which he was to construct a pavilion*; that, every ten kos,* he should erect a yam, or post-house, which they call a dāk-choki, for six horses; A. D. 1528. that he should fix a certain allowance as a provision for the post-house keepers, couriers, and grooms, and for feeding the horses; and orders were given, that wherever a post-house for horses was built near a khālseh or imperial demesne, they should be furnished from thence with the stated allowances; that if it was situated in a perganna, the nobleman in charge should attend to the supply. The Length of
the kos, &c.
same day, Chikmāk Pādshāhi* left Agra. The kos was fixed in conformity with the mīl, according to these verses:

(Tūrki)— Four thousand paces are one mīl,
Know that the men of Hindustan call it a kuroh (kos).
This pace is a cubit and a half;
Every cubit* is six hand-breadths*;
Each hand-breadth is six inches;* and, again, each inch
Is the breadth of six barley-corns. Know all this.*

The measuring tanāb was to consist of forty gaz or paces, each measuring one and a half of the gaz or cubit that has been mentioned,* and so equal to nine hand-breadths; and a hundred of these tanābs were to go to one kos.

Grand
feast.
Dec. 19.

On Saturday the 6th, I had a feast in the garden.* I sat in the northern part of it, in an octagonal pavilion that was recently erected, and covered with khas grass* for coolness. On my right, at the distance of five or six gaz, sat Būgha Sultan, Askeri, and the venerable Khwājeh’s family, Khwājeh Abdal Shahīd, Khwājeh Kalān, Khwājeh Husseini Khalīfeh, and other comers from Samarkand, the dependants of the Khwājeh, readers of the Korān, and Mullas. On my left, at an interval of five or six gaz,* were seated Muhammed Zemān Mirza, Autenk* Itmīsh Sultan, Syed Rafī, Syed Rūmi, Sheikh Abul Fateh, Sheikh Jamāli, Sheikh Shahābeddīn Arab, and Syed Dakni. The Kizilbāsh, Uzbek, and Hindu ambassadors were present at this feast. An awning was erected at the distance of seventy or eighty gaz* to the right, in which the Kizilbāsh* ambassadors were placed, and Yunis Ali was selected from the Amīrs to sit beside them. At the same distance on the left, in like manner, the Uzbek am­bassadors were stationed, and Abdallah was selected from the Amīrs to sit beside them. Before the dinner was served, all the Khans, Sultans, grandees, and Amīrs offered congratulatory presents* of red, and white, and black money,* with cloth and other articles. I ordered woollen cloths* to be spread out before me, into which they threw the gold and silver money; offerings of coloured cloth and of white cloth, as well as purses* of money, were piled up beside the gold and silver. Before dining, while the presents were coming in, there were fights of furious camels and elephants, in an island* in front. There were also some ram-fights, and afterwards matches of wrestlers. When the dinner was placed, Khwājeh Abdal Shahīd and Khwājeh Kalān were invested with muslin robes of very fine cotton,* with suitable dresses of honour. Mulla Farrukh, Hāfiz, and those who were with them, received gowns of cloth. On the ambassador of Kūchim Khan,* and the younger brother of Hassan Chalebi,* were bestowed sirka­mash robes of muslin, with rich buttons,* and dresses of honour suited to their rank. To the ambassadors of Abusaīd Sultan, and Miherbān Khānum and her son Pūlād Sultan, and to the ambassadors of Shah Hassan, were given vests with buttons, and robes of rich cloth. A stone* of gold was weighed with the silver weights, and a stone of silver with the gold weights, and given to Dosta Khwājeh and the two great ambassadors, who were the servants of Kūchim Khan, and to the younger brother of Hassan Khan Chalebi.* The gold stone contains five hundred mishkāls, which is one sīr Kābul measure. The silver measure is two hundred and fifty mishkāls, which is half a Kābul sīr. Khwājeh Mīr Sultāni, his sons, and Hāfiz Tāshkendi, Mulla Farrukh and his followers,* the servants of the Khwājeh, and the other ambassadors, had each of them presents of silver and gold.* Yādgār Nāsir had a hanger and belt. Mīr Muhammed Jālehbān had deserved great rewards,* for the skill with which he had constructed the bridge over the Ganges. He and the other* musketeers, Pahlwān* Hāji Muhammed, and Pahlwān Bahlūl, and Wali Pārschi,* were presented each with a dagger.* Syed Daūd Garmsīri had a present in silver and gold. The servants of my daughter Maasūmeh, and of my son Hindāl, received vests ornamented with buttons, and dresses of honour made of rich cloth. To the men who had come from Andejān, who, without a country, without a home, had roamed with me in my wanderings in Sūkh and Hushiār,* and many lands, to all my veterans and tried men,* I gave vests and rich dresses of honour, with gold and silver clothes,* and other articles of value. To the servants of Kurbān and Sheikhi, and the natives of Kah­merd, presents were, in like manner, given. When the Jugglers
and
tumblers.
dinner was placed, the Hindustāni jugglers were brought in and performed their tricks, and the tumblers and rope-dancers exhibited their feats. The Hindustāni sleight-of-hand men do several feats which I never saw performed by those of our countries. One of these is the following: They take seven rings, one of which they suspend over their forehead, and two on their thighs*; the other four they place, two on two of their fingers, and the other two on two of their toes, and then whirl them all round with A. D 1528. a quick uninterrupted motion. Another is this: they place one of their hands on the ground, and then raise up their other hand and their two feet, which they spread out so as to represent the port of a peacock, all the while turning round, with a continued rapid motion, three rings placed on their hand and two feet. The tumblers of our country fix two wooden poles* to their feet, and walk on these wooden supports; the Hindustāni tumblers, clinging to a single wooden support, walk on it, and that without fastening it to their feet. In our countries, two tumblers lay hold of each other, and go on tumbling when thus linked together; whereas the Hindustāni tumblers lay hold of each other to the number of three and four, and go on tumbling intertwined in a circle. One of the most remarkable feats which they exhibit is when a tumbler, placing the lower part of a pole, of six or seven gaz in length, on his middle, holds it erect, while another tumbler mounts the pole, and plays his feats on the top of it. In other cases, a young* tumbler climbs up, and stands on the head of an elder* one; the lower one walks fast about from side to side playing his feats, with the younger one all the while standing erect and firm on his head, and also exhibiting his tricks. Many pateras, or dancing-girls, were also introduced, and danced. Towards evening prayers, a great quantity of gold, silver, and copper money was scattered; there was a precious hubbub and uproar.* Between evening and bed-time prayers, I made five or six of the most distinguished of my guests* sit down near me, and I continued with them till the end of the first watch. Next morning, in the forenoon,* I went to the Hasht-Behisht in a boat.

Dec. 21.