Another of his chiefs was Sheikh Abdallah Birlās. He married Shah Sultan Muhammed’s daughter,* who, by the mother’s side, was aunt to Sultan Mahmūd Khan and Ababeker Mirza. He wore his frock very strait and tightened by a belt. He was an upright, unaffected man.

Mahmūd
Birlās.

Another was Mahmūd Birlās, who was of the Birlāses of Nundāk. He had attained the rank of Beg in Sultan Abusaīd Mirza’s time. When that prince subdued the territories of Irāk, he gave Kermān to this Mahmūd Birlās; and at a later period, when Ababeker Mirza, accompanied by Mazīd Beg Arghūn, and the Begs of the Turkomāns of the Black Sheep, came against Sultan Mahmūd Mirza at Hissār, and the Mirza fled to Samarkand to his elder brother, Mahmūd Birlās refused to surrender Hissār, and manfully held it out. He was a poet, and composed a diwān.

Khosrou
Shah ex-
pelled from
Samar-
kand.

After Sultan Mahmūd Mirza’s death, Khosrou Shah wished to conceal the event, and seized upon the treasure. How was it possible that such an event could remain con­cealed? It was instantly noised about among all the towns­people and inhabitants of Samarkand. That day happened to be a great festival; the soldiery and citizens, rising tumultuously, fell upon Khosrou Shah. Ahmed Hāji Beg and the Terkhān Begs, having allayed the tumult, sent off Khosrou Shah towards Hissār. Sultan Mahmūd Mirza, in his lifetime, had given Hissār to his eldest son Sultan Masaūd Mirza, and Bokhāra to Baiesanghar Mirza, and sent them away to their governments, so that, at this time, neither of them was at hand. After the expulsion of Khosrou Shah, the Begs of Samarkand and Hissār having Baiesan-
ghar
Mirza is
raised to
the throne.
met and consulted together, sent an express to Baiesanghar Mirza, who was in Bokhāra, and, bringing him to Samarkand, placed him on the throne. When Baiesanghar became king he was only eighteen years of age.

Sultan
Mahmūd
Khan
invades
Samar-
kand,

At this crisis, Sultan Mahmūd Khan, at the instigation and by the advice of Sultan Juneid Birlās* and some of the chief men of Samarkand, advanced with an army against that capital, as far as Kānbāi, which lies in the territory of Samarkand. Baiesanghar Mirza, with the utmost activity and vigour, led out a strong and well-appointed body of troops, and engaged him not far from Kānbāi. Haider Gokultāsh, who was the great pillar of the Moghul army, and commanded the advanced guard, had dismounted with all his men, who were actively employed in shooting their arrows.* The instant that the resolute mailed warriors of Samarkand and Hissār charged keenly on horseback, the whole of Haider Gokultāsh’s division, which had dismounted, was ridden down and trampled under the horses’ feet. After the discomfiture of this body, the rest of the army no longer but is
defeated
made a stand, but were totally defeated. A vast number of Moghuls perished; so many of them were beheaded in the presence of Baiesanghar Mirza, that they were forced three several times to shift his pavilion, in consequence of the heaps of slain that lay before it.*

Ibrahīm
Sārurevolts
in Asfera.

At this time Ibrahīm Sāru, who was of the tribe of Minkaligh, who had been brought up from his infancy in my mother’s* service, and had attained the dignity of Beg, but who had afterwards been dismissed on account of some misdemeanour, now entered the fort of Asfera,* read the khutbeh (or public prayer for the Prince) in the name of Baiesanghar Mirza, and commenced open hostilities May 1495. against me. In the month of Shābān I made the army mount, and marched to quell the revolt of Ibrāhim Sāru; and in the end of the month I came to my ground and Is besieged
by Bābur;
invested the place. The very day of our arrival, the young warriors, in the wantonness of enterprise, immediately on reaching the foot of the walls, mounted a rampart that had been recently built, and entered and took an outwork that had just been finished.* Syed Kāsim, the chamberlain, this day acted the most distinguished part, pushed on before the other assailants, and laid about him with his scimitar. Sultan Ahmed Tambol, and Muhammed Dost Taghāi, also wielded their scimitars gallantly; but Syed Kāsim gained the ulūsh* (or prize of valour). The ulūsh (or prize of valour) is an ancient usage that is retained among the Moghuls. In every entertainment and feast, he who has most distinguished himself by the gallant use of his sword, takes the ulūsh, or prize of valour. When I went to Shahrokhīa to visit my maternal uncle Sultan Mahmūd Khan, Syed Kāsim claimed and received the ulūsh. In this first day’s action, Khuda-berdi, my governor, was struck with an arrow from a cross-bow and died. As the troops had rushed into the enterprise without armour, several of them were slain, and a great many wounded. Ibrahīm Sāru had with him a cross-bow man, who shot astonishingly well; I never met with his equal; he wounded a great many of my people. After the surrender of the castle, he entered into my service.

As the siege drew out to some length, orders were given to construct, in two or three places, the works called Sir-kob,* to run mines, and to use every exertion to get ready what­ever machines or works were wanted for pushing on the siege. The siege lasted forty days; but, at last, Ibrahīm Sāru, being reduced to the last extremity, made his offers of and taken. unlimited submission through the medium of Khwājeh June,
A.D. 1495.
Moulāna Kazi; and, in the month of Shawāl, having come out and presented himself before me with a scimitar* suspended from his neck,* delivered up the fort.

Bābur
recovers
Khojend;

Khojend had, for a long period, belonged to Omer-Sheikh Mirza, but, during the wars at the close of his reign, it had been occupied by Sultan Ahmed Mirza. As I had advanced so near it, I determined, situated as matters were, to proceed against it.* Abdal Wahāb Shaghāwel, the father of Mīr Moghul, commanded in the place; and, immediately on my approach, without making any difficulty, surrendered the fortress.

and visits
Sultan
Mahmūd
Khan.

At this period, Sultan Mahmūd Khan happened to be in Shahrokhīa. Some time before, when Sultan Ahmed Mirza advanced into the territory of Andejān, the Khan, on his side, laid siege to Akhsi, as has been mentioned. It occurred to me, that, as we were now so near, and as he stood in the relation of a father and elder brother to me,* I ought to go and pay him my respects, and dispel from his mind any misunderstanding that might exist in consequence of past events;* a line of conduct which I perceived would be attended with this further advantage, that it would enable me to form a nearer and better idea of the real state of things at his court.

Having formed this resolution, I went on, and waited on the Khan in the neighbourhood of Shahrokhīa,* in a garden which had been laid out by Haider Beg. The Khan was seated in a pavilion erected in the middle of the garden. Immediately on entering it, I made three low bows. The Khan returned my salutation by rising from his seat and embracing me; after which I went back and again bowed once; when the Khan, inviting me forward, placed me by his side, showing me every mark of affection and kindness. In the course of one or two days afterwards, I set out by way of Kundezlik and Amāni, and* proceeded towards Akhsi and Andejān. When I arrived at Akhsi, I went and Returns by
way of
Akhsi.
visited the tomb of my father. Leaving Akhsi, on a Friday, about noon-day prayers, I proceeded towards Andejān, by the route of Bendsālār, and arrived between evening and bed-time prayers. The road by Bendsālār is nine farsangs.

Plunders
the Jagrag.