The Pakháwaj* is made of a thick shell of wood shaped like a myrobolan and hollow. It is over a yard in length and if clasped round the middle, the fingers of the two hands will meet. The ends are a little larger in circumference than the mouth of a pitcher and are covered with skin. It is furnished with leather braces which are strained, as in the naḳára or kettle-drum, and four pieces of wood, under a span in length, are inserted (between the shell and the braces) on the left side and serve to tune the instrument.

The A´waj is made of a hollow piece of wood, and might be described as two kettle-drums joined at the reverse ends and their heads covered with skin and braced with thongs.

The Duhul* (drum) is well-known.

The Ḍhaḍḍa is like the Duhul but very small.

The Ardháwaj is half the size of the A´waj.

The Daf, or tambourine,* is well-known.

The Khanjari is a tambourine smaller than the Daf, but with cymbals, and its surface is about the size of a pitcher.*