THE SEVENTH CLIMATE.
Shant Yáḳú, frontier of Spain	19	.	49	.	St. James of Compostella.
Ṣaḳji, near the Euxine	58	37	50	.	Now Isakdje on the Danube, Ilistria.
Aḳja-Kirmán, Bulgaria	55	.	50	.	Now Akerman at the mouth of the Dniester.
Ḳarḳar, in the A´ṣ country	65	30	50	.	In the interior of the Crimea, now called Tchoufout-kalé or fortress of the Jews from a colony of Caryate Jews, near the Chádir Dágh mountain. Reinaud, II, 319.
Kafá, port in the Crimea	67	50	50	.	The ancient Theodosia, a colony of the Milesians, v. Ibn Baṭúṭah, II, 357.
Ṣolghát, viz., Kirim	67	10	50	10	That is, that the name of the country Kirim was also given to Solghát which Abulfeda calls the capital of the Crimea and bearing also its name, so that when the word Kirim is used by itself, it signifies Ṣolghát It still bears the name of Eski Kirym, Reinaud, n. p. 320, v. Ibn Baṭúṭah, II, 354.
Tirnau, in the Ulák (Valak) country	57	30	50	.	Ternovo or Ternovaia in Wallachia.
Bulár, i. e., Bulghár on the shores of the Itil Sea (Caspian)	90	.	50	30	The actual position of this town was on the W. bank of the Volga, 135 versts, S. of Kasan. From the fact of coins having been found bearing the name of Bolgár-aljadíd or New Bulghar the existence of two towns has been supposed, and Erdmann professor of O. Lan­guages in the Univ. of Kasan, proposes or establishes a distinction between Bolár and Bulghár. Ibn Baṭúṭah passed three days in the town, II, 399.
Azaḳ, a port on the Sea of Azaḳ	75	.	48	.	Azof at the mouth of the Don.
Ṣarái, capital of the Bara­kah country	85	.	48	.	Ibn Baṭúṭah visited this town from Astrakhan (II 446). The town was called Sera Barakah, the capital of Sultan Uzbec. This name is also given to the Prince by Abulf. The town stands on an E. branch of the Volga where the Tsarewka and Solœnka streams join that river. It was destroyed by Tamerlane in 1403. See Reinaud's notes and references on this name, II, 323. The lat. is that of Paris.
Alukak, in the Sarái coun­try	85	.	49	55	On the W. bank of the Volga between Sarái and Bulár at 15 marches from each. The horde of the Tartar prince of Barakah advances as far as this, but does not pass beyond, Abulf.
Nahád? Aral Sea
Middle of the lake, the source of the Oxus	.	.	.	.	This is either Sarikol on the Pamir table­land, the source of the northern Oxus which Wood discovered on 12th February 1838, or Barkat Yásin, the source of the southern branch traced in 1868, by the Mirza an employe in the G. T. S. It is doubtful which of these two should rank as the chief source of the Oxus.
Báṭik ?	.	.	.	.
Bajnah ? Turkistán	.	.	.	.
Ṣiḳláb	.	.	.	.	Slavonia. The Ṣaḳlab peninsula <Arabic> Reinaud considers to comprise the country between the Oxus and Dnieper, but Norway, Sweden and Finland are included on it by Abulfeda, II, 314.
Mushḳah, in the Slav country on the sea	.	.	.	.	Ibn Sayd gives the Lon. 43°, Lat. 58°, 20'. This country is also placed by Kazwíni on the shore of the ocean, but it is probable, as Reinaud supposes, that Moscow is intended, its real posi­tion being unknown.
Ṭabr ?	.	.	.	.
Kálak ?	.	.	.	.
Sarikirmán, Bulghár and Turk country	.	.	.	.	Lon. 55° Lat. 5°, east of Akerman, five days' march of Ṣolghát, Abulf. Sarou or Ṣari Kirmán is the Tartar name of the old town of Kherson, the cradle of Russian Christianity. Its ruins still called by the same name, are near Sebastopol.
Jábalḳ, extreme W. of Mauritania	.	.	.	.	Jabulká and Jabulsá are mythical cities placed at opposite sides of the mountain of Káf which is said to encircle the earth, but Jabulká is generally placed at the extreme E. and Jabulsá to the W. They are employed in a religious sense to signify the first stages of a contemplative life, v. Burhán i Ḳáṭi or Vuller's Lex. and Yáḳút, also Ṭabari Chron, pp. 27, 36, I.
Shore of the Ocean	10	.	34	.
Marí Kirman ?	.	.	.	.	Probably Ṣari Kirmán
Ṣudáḳ, on the Euxine	.	.	.	.	Lon. 56°. Lat. 51° A town in the Cri­mea, a rival to Kufá in trade; opposite Samsún in Asia Minor, Abulf. now Novo Shudák.
Islands of Urdujard ?	.	.	.	.	In some MS. Rudjard.
” Budan ?	.	.	.	.
” Ḳúni	.	.	.	.	Probably miscript for Thule. The Shet­lands.
Nihánah ? on the Ocean	.	.	.	.
Taniah, by some said to be on the Ocean, by others rising above the Ocean	.	.	.	.
Bór, a city near the regions of darkness.
Cupola of the earth	90	.	.	.
Middle of the <Greek>	90	.	.	.
Middle of the sea of Manus ?	.	.	.	.	Already preceded. Perhaps Marmora.
Extreme of the country of Barḳányah	36	20	51	20	Brittany or Armorica, according to Rei­naud is here intended and Ibn Sayd's language reproduces that of the text, ‘the extreme of the Bretagne country’ which he places at Lon. 9°, Lat. 50°, 30'.
Mouths of the Ṭánánís	36	55	52	50	Preceded, for Tananis, read Tanais.
” Ṭámánísh	37	.	54	1	Lon. almost illegible. It is probably a repetition of the above.
Locality on the Niá Natís	37	55	55	.	Preceded: corruption of Máníṭash, (Palus Mæotis.)
Villages called Nablús	5	45	.	.	Deg. of Lon. and Lat. illegible.
Country adjacent to Lesser Britain	18	.	58	.
Middle of Great Britain	17	20	56	.
” Lesser Britain	29	.	61	.
Extreme point of Lesser Britain	29	.	62
Islands called Anúdu	29		6	.	In some MS. Aluh or Alwah, <Arabic>.
” ” Thule	20	.	63	.
Afam, in the Slav country	64	.	.	.
Parts of the Slav country	.	.	.	.
Uninhabited	.	.	.	.
Extremest point of the world; here all the Zodia­cal signs rise and set	.	.	90	.