During a long period this was an independent territory but now forms part of the imperial dominions. Its length from Bhakkar to Kach and Mekrán is 257 kós, its breadth from the town of Budín to Bandar Láhari,* 100 kós, and again from the town of Chándo one of the dependencies of Bhakkar, to Bikanér is 60 kós. On the east lies Gujarát: to the north Bhakkar and Séwi:* to the south, the ocean, and to the west Kach and Mekrán. It is situated in the second climate and lies in Longitude 102° 30'; Lat. 24° 10'.*

The ancient capital was Bráhmanábád,* a large city. Its citadel had 1,400 towers, at an interval of a tanáb,* and to this day there are many traces of its fortifications. Alor* next became the metropolis and at the present day it is Tattah, also called Debal. The mountains to the north form several branches. One of them trends towards Ḳandahár, and another rising from the sea coast extends to the town of Kohbár, called Rámgar, and terminates in Sewistán and is there known as Lakkhi.* This tract is inhabited by an important Baloch tribe called Kalmáni,* consisting of twenty thousand cavalry. A fine breed of camels is here indigenous. A third range runs from Séhwán to Séwi and is called Khattar* where dwells a tribe named Nohmardi that can raise a force of 300 horse and 7,000 foot. Below this tribe, there is another clan of the Baloch known as Naẓhari with a force of a thousand men. A good breed of horses comes from this tract. A fourth mountain chain touches Kach (Gandává) on one side, and on the other the Kalmáni territory, and is called Kárah inhabited by 4,000 Balochis.

In the winter season there is no need of poshtins (fur-lined coats) and the summer heats are moderate except in Sewistán. Fruits are of various kinds and mangoes are especially fine. In the desert tracts, a small kind of melon grows wild. Flowers are plentiful and camels are numerous and of a good breed. The means of locomotion is by boats of which there are many kinds, large and small, to the number of 40,000. The wild ass is hunted, and game, such as, hares, the kotah páchah* and wild boars; fishing likewise is much pursued.

The assessment of the country is made on the system of division of crops,* a third being taken from the husbandman. Here are salt-pits and iron mines. Sháli rice is abundant and of good quality. Six kós from Tattah is a mine of yellow stone, large and small slabs of which are quarried and used for building. The staple food consists of rice and fish. The latter is smoked and loaded in boats, and exported to the ports and other cities, affording a considerable profit. Fish-oil is also extracted and used in boat building. There is a kind of fish called palwah which comes up into the Indus from the sea, unrivalled for its fine and exquisite flavour. Milk-curds of excellent quality are made and keep for four months.

Near Sehwán is a large lake, two days' journey in length called Manchúr, in which artificial islands have been made by fishermen who dwell on them.

But the greatest of all wonders is the Liver-Eater (Jigar Khwár), an individual who by glances and incantations can abstract a man's liver. Some aver that under certain conditions and at certain times, he renders the person senseless upon whom he looks, and then takes from him what resembles the seed of a pomegranate, which he conceals for a time in the calf of his leg. During this interval the person whose liver is stolen remains unconscious, and when thus helpless, the other throws the seed on the fire which spreads out like a plate. Of this he partakes with his fellows and the unconscious victim dies. He can convey a knowledge of his art to whomsoever he wills, by giving him a portion of this food to eat and teach­ing him the incantation. ?? he is caught in the act and his calf be cut ?? and the seed extracted and given to his victim, the latter will recover. The followers of this art are mostly women.

They can convey intelligence from long distances in a brief space of time and if they be thrown into the river with a stone tied to them, they will not sink. When it is desired to deprive one of these of this power, they brand both sides of his head and his joints, fill his eyes with salt, suspend him for forty days in a subterraneous chamber, and give him food without salt, and some of them recite incantations over him. During this period he is called Dhachrah. Although his power then no longer exists, he is still able to recognize a Liver-Eater, and these pests are captured through his detection. He can also restore people to health by incantation or administering a certain drug. Extraordinary tales are told of these people that are beyond measure astonishing.

This country is the fourth Sarkár of the Súbah of Multán. From the confines of Uch to Tattah towards the north are rocky mountain ranges inhabited by various Baloch tribes, and on the south from Uch to Gujarát are sandhills in which region are the Ahshám bhatti* and other numerous clans. From Bhakkar to Naṣírpúr and Umarkóṭ are the Sodah, Járejah and other tribes. This Súbah contains 5 Sarkárs subdivided into 53 parganahs. The revenue is 6,615,393* dáms. (Rs. 165,383-13-2.)