Hoshang was engaged in wars with Mubárak Sháh son of Khizr Khán viceroy* of Delhi, with Sulṭán Ibrahím of the Jaunpúr dynasty, and with Sulṭán Aḥmad of the Deccan.* On his death, the nobles, in accordance with his bequest, raised his son Naṣír* Khán to the throne uuder the title of Muḥammad Sháh. Maḥmúd Khán, cousin of Sulṭán Hoshang, basely bribed his cup bearer and that venal wretch poisoned the Sulṭán's wine. The generals of the army kept his death secret hoping to place his son Masạúd Khán upon the throne and they sent to confer with Maḥmúd Khán. He replied that worldly affairs had no longer any interest for him but that if his presence in council were necessary, they must come to him. They foolishly went to his house and were placed in confinement, and by the aid of some disloyal mercenary partisans, he seized upon the sovereignty of Málwah and was proclaimed under the title of Sulṭán Maḥmud (Khilji). Upon such a wretch,* in its wondrous vicissitudes thus did Fortune smile and the awe he inspired secured him the tranquil possession of power. He waged wars with Sulṭán Muḥammad son of Mubárak Sháh, king of Delhi, with Sulṭán Aḥmad, king of Gujerát, with Sulṭán Husain Sharki of Jáunpúr, and with Ráná Kombha* of Mewár.

Khwájah Jamál u'd dín Astarábádi* was sent to him as ambassador by Abú Sạíd Mírza with costly gifts which greatly redounded to his glory. Maḥmúd II (1512 A. D.) through his ungenerous treatment of his adopted followers* fell into misfortune but was again reinstated in power by the aid of Sulṭán Muzaffar Sháh (II) of Gujerát (A. D. 1511–26). Through his reckless bravery in battle he was taken prisoner by the Ráná (Sanga)* who treated him with generosity and restored him to his kingdom. He was again captured in action against Sulṭán Bahádur of Gujerát and conveyed to the fortress of Chánpánér. He was killed (A. D. 1526) on his way thither and Málwah was incorporated with Gujerát until it was conquered by Humayún. When this monarch returned to Agra, one of the relations of Sulṭán Maḥmúd, by name Mallú, seized on the government of Málwah under the title of Ḳádir Khán.

During the supremacy of the usurper Shér Khán the control of the province was invested in Shujáạt Khán,* who rebelled under the reign of Salím Khán and assumed independence under Mubáriz Khán.

On his death, his eldest son Báyizíd succeeded under the title of Báz Bahádur until the star of his Majesty's fortune arose in the ascendant and this fertile province was added to the imperial dominions.

May the robe of this daily-widening empire be bordered with per­petuity, and its inhabitants enjoy to their hearts' fill a prosperity that shall never decay.