From the time His Majesty paid regard to the affairs of the state, he has shewn a great liking for this curiously shaped animal; and as it is of great use for the three branches of the government, and well known to the emperor for its patience under burdens, and for its contentment with little food, it has received every care at the hands of His Majesty. The quality of the country breed improved very much, and Indian camels soon surpassed those of I´rán and Túrán.
From a regard to the dignity of his court, and the diversion of others, His Majesty orders camel-fights, for which purpose several choice animals are always kept in readiness. The best of these kháçah camels, which is named Sháhpasand (approved of by the Sháh), is a country bred twelve years old: it overcomes all its antagonists, and exhibits in the manner in which it stoops down and draws itself up, every finesse of the art of wrestling.
Camels are numerous near Ajmír, Jodhpúr, Nágór, Bíkánír, Jaisalmír, Batinḍá, and Bhaṭnír; the best are bred in the Súbah of Gujrát, near Cachh. But in Sind is the greatest abundance: many inhabitants own ten thousand camels and upwards. The swiftest camels are those of Ajmír; the best for burden are bred in T'hat'hah.
The success* of this department depends on the Arwánahs, i. e., female camels. In every country, they get hot in winter, and couple. The male of two humps goes by the name of Bughur. The young ones of camels are called nar (male), and máyah (female), as the case may be; but His Majesty has given to the nar the name of Bughdí, and to the female that of Jammázah. The bughdí is the better for carrying burdens and for fighting; the jammázah excels in swiftness. The Indian camel called Lok, and its female, come close to them in swiftness, and even surpass them. The offspring of a bughur and a jammázah goes by the name of g'hurd; the female is called máyah g'hurd. If a bughdí, or a lok, couples with a jammázah, the young one is called bughdí or lok respectively. But if a bughdí or a lok couples with an arwánah, the young male is named after its sire, and the young female after its dam. The lok is considered superior to the g'hurd, and the máyah g'hurd.
When camels are loaded and travel, they are generally formed into qaṭárs (strings), each qaṭár consisting of five camels. The first camel of each qaṭár is called peshang;* the second, peshdarah; the third, miyánah qaṭár; the fourth, dumdast; the last camel, dumdár.