And in the month of Shawwāl in the aforesaid year Iqbāl Khān, who is better known as Malloo, swore many oaths of allegiance to Sulān Nuṣrat Shāh, whom he deported to the fortress of Jahān-numā, * taking him away with elephants and an armed force; and Sulān Maḥmūd and Muqarrab Khān and Bahādur Nāhir shut themselves up in old Dihlī. On the third day from this Iqbāl Khān made a sudden attack in strong force upon Nuṣrat Shāh hoping to take him by surprise; Nuṣrat Shāh fled from Jahān-numā and came to Fīrūzābād,* and leaving there crossed the Jamna and went to join Tātār Khān his Vazīr at Pānīpath. The whole* of the army and elephants of Nuṣrat Shāh fell into the hands of the astute Iqbāl Khān, and for two whole months daily battles were fought between Muqarrab Khān and Iqbāl Khān, until by the intervention of certain Amīrs peace was established between these two leaders; but after a few days* Iqbāl Khān proceeded against Muqarrab Khān,* and without warning suddenly surrounded him and besieged him; and after giving him assurances of safety raised him to the dignity of martyrdom, and getting Sulān Maḥmūd into his power made a puppet of him and took the management of the state into his own hands. Then in the month ^269. of Ẕū Qa‘dah of the aforesaid* year Iqbāl Khān wrested Pānī-path by force from the followers of Tātār Khān, and seized all his baggage and his elephants and army. Tātār Khān previously to this expedition of Iqbāl Khān, had left Pānīpath with the intention of attempting to reduce Dihlī but found himself quite unequal to the task, and throwing his country* to the winds left Dihlī and went to Gujrāt with a large following to join his father.* Iqbāl Khān coming to Dihlī bestowed upon Malik Naṣīru-l-Mulk, a relation of Tātār Khān who had joined him, the title of ‘Ādil Khān, and placed under his control the district of the Doāb.

And in the month of Ṣafar of the year 801 H. (1398 A.D.) Amīr Tīmūr the Great attacked the town of Tulumba,* and taking Multān, put to the sword* the whole of the prisoners of the army of Sārang Khān whom Mīrzā Pīr Muḥammad had kept in con­finement; proceeding thence by continuous marches he also took the fort of Bhaṭ,* and having taken prisoner Rāī Jaljīn* Bhatī put him to death together with the garrison and inhabitants of the fort.

Leaving there* and taking Sāmāna, he put to death crowds of fugitives from Dīpālpūr and Ajūdhan and Sarsutī,* who were helplessly fleeing in all directions in terror of their lives, and taking large numbers of them prisoners he took them along with him, and covering great distances he crossed the river Jamna, and entered the Doāb,* and sweeping the greater part of the country with the bitter whirlwind of rapine and pillage, camped on the banks of the river Jamna opposite the town of Lūnī* not far from Dihlī;* and at this camp he put to the sword about fifty thousand prisoners who had fallen* into the hands of his soldiery before reaching the river Ganges; and some of the ecclesiastical dignitaries of his army also, who had not the slightest acquaintance with the sword, taking all these Hindustānī Muslims for Hindūs, in their desire for the reward of holy war* sent many of them with their own hands into the next world.

^270. Then in the month of Jamaidu-l-Awwal 801 H. the great Tīmūr crossed the Jamna and encamped at Fīrūzābād* and the next day encamped above the Ḥauẓ-i-Khāṣṣ. Iqbāl Khān having got ready a force of men and elephants, came out against him and engaged his troops, but was defeated in the first engagement, and in spite of all their efforts they were not able to withdraw even a portion of the elephants into the city,* so complete was the rout. And in this defeat* many were killed, and when the glittering soldiers of the army of the night had routed the troops of the day, Iqbāl Khān and Sulān Maḥmūd leaving their families and friends in the bonds of shame and disgrace, took flight.* Sulān Maḥmūd fled straight to Gujrāt, and Iqbāl Khān crossing the Jamna escaped to the town of Baran. On the following day the Great Tīmūr gave quarter to the inhabitants of Dihlī, receiving from them much valuable property and many presents as the price of quarter. In the meantime however, the people of the city killed some of the soldiers, accordingly on the fourth day he ordered all the inhabitants to be made prisoners,* and took them all off towards Transoxiāna; eventually Shaikh Aḥmad Kathū* whose tomb is well known at Sar Khez* in Gujarāt near to Aḥmadābād, went along with the army and had an interview with the Great Tīmūr, and made apparent to him his condition as a Darvesh, and his surpassing knowledge, moreover he argued with and confuted over and over again* the learned doctors who were with the Transoxiāna force, and begged for the prisoners' lives. The Great Tīmūr conceived such a strong liking for him that he acceded* to his request and liberated all the prisoners.

This signal service of the Shaikh remained ever as a debt upon the people of Hindustān; and a full detail of this circumstance is given at length in the Maqāmāt of the Shaikh. A few days after ^271. this victory Khiẓr Khān and Bahādur Nāhir Mīwātī,* who had taken alarm and fled to the hill country of Mīwāt, came in and paid their respects to the Great Tīmūr;* orders were issued to make all of their party prisoners, with the exception of Khiẓr Khān, who had apparently done some former good service which saved him. After this he raised the banner of return and seized the country at the foot of the Siwālik hills,* and greatly shook that hill country as it were with an earthquake, ere he reached Lāhor.

For the date of this victory they assigned the two words (Rakhā, affluence, prosperity) and (Khār,* a thorn); and Shaikhā Khūkhar* also, who had formerly served the Amīr and had taken Lāhor by fraud from Sārang Khān, fell into his hands. He accordingly imprisoned him together with his wife and family, and gave orders to sack Lāhor and take the inhabitants prisoners. Then having made over Dipālpūr and Multān to Khiẓr Khān he said to him* ‘I have taken Dihlī and have made a present of it to you.’ Leaving Lāhor he proceeded by uninterrupted marches by way of Kābul to his capital Samarqand while Khiẓr Khān went to his own territory (jāgīr).