'Abdu-lla Khán Uzbek now received orders to retrieve this disaster in Málwa, and Mu'ínu-d dín Ahmad Khán Farankhúdí, and several other Kháns, were directed to assist him. Towards the end of the year 969 H. (1562 A.D.), 'Abdu-lla and his auxiliaries entered Málwa, and Báz Bahádur, being unable to withstand him, took to flight.* A force was sent in pursuit, and coming up with the fugitives, killed many of them. Báz Bahádur found protection for some time with Ráná Udi Sing,* one of the chief rájás of Márwár, and afterwards he repaired to Gujarát, but eventually he threw himself upon the mercy of the Emperor, and sought a refuge from the frowns of fortune.* 'Abdu-lla Khán remained at Mandú, and the other amírs returned to their jágírs. Mu'ín Khán, after setting the affairs of the country in order, returned to Court.

An intimacy and friendship had existed between the late Emperor Humáyún and Sháh Tahmásp Súfí of Persia. When Humáyún died, and was succeeded by Akbar, the Sháh was desirous of keeping up friendly relations. He accordingly sent his nephew, Saiyid Beg, son of Ma'súm Beg, to whom he gave the title Ummú-úghlí (uncle's son), as his ambassador, with costly presents. When Saiyid Beg approached Ágra, many kháns and great men were sent forth to meet him, and to bring him into the city with suitable honours. The sum of seven lacs of tankas was appropriated to him. He remained at Ágra two months, and having received a horse and a robe, he took his departure, carrying with him presents from Hindústán.

Eighth year of the Reign.

The beginning of this year corresponded with Wednesday, 18th Rajab, 970 H. (13 March, 1563 A.D.). A tragical event occurred in the course of this year.* Adham Khán Kokaltásh, son of Máham Anka,* could not endure to see the elevation of his compeers.* In the presumption of youth, and pride of wealth and station, he yielded to the incentives of Shahábu-d dín Ahmad Khán, Mu'nim Khán Khán-khánán, and several other nobles, and murdered Khán-i 'azam [Shamsu-d dín Muhammad Atka], then prime minister, as he was sitting in his public office. Then trusting to the favour and kindness which had been shown to him by the Emperor, he went and stood at the door of the harem. His Majesty rushed out of the harem, sword in hand, and the assassin was bound hand and foot, and cast over the parapet in punishment of his crime.* This murder was com­mitted on the morning of Sunday, 12th Ramazán, 970 H. All those who had taken part in the conspiracy fled, and hid them­selves through fear of punishment. Mu'nim Khán and Mu­hammad Kásim Khán Mír-i bahr (commander of the boats) went over the Jumna, and destroyed the bridge by which they crossed. Shabábu-d dín Ahmad Khán Naishapúrí concealed himself. His Majesty showed great solicitude for the sons of the deceased minister, and for Máham Anka; but the latter, in anger and in grief for her son, fell ill and died forty days afterwards.

Next day (after the murder) Ashraf Khán Mír-munshí re­ceived orders to seek out and bring back to His Majesty Mu'nim Khán, Shahábu-d dín Ahmad Khán, and Kásim Khán. The thought of having participated in this plot weighed upon the mind of Mu'nim Khán, so although he held the title of Khán-khánán, and held the offices of minister (wakálat) and tutor (atálík), he having found an opportunity left Ágra by night, and went off along with Kásim Khán, commander of the boats, to­wards Kábul, where his son 'Abdu-l Ghaní Khán was then living. When they came to the pargana of Sarút, in the Doab, the jágír of Mír Mahmúd Munshí, one of the Munshí's officers, Kásim Álí Sístání, who was shikkdár of the district, having heard of their arrival as fugitives from the Court, went out with a party of the inhabitants, and made them prisoners. They were then sent to His Majesty, who winked at their offence, and reinstated them in their offices.

Conquest of the Gakhar country.

The country of the Gakhars lies upon the banks of the river Sind, well known as the Níl-áb. This territory, from the Siwálik hills to the borders of Kashmír, has been from all time the possession of the Gakhars, although other tribes, such as the Khari, Jánúba, Jatriya, Bhúkiyál, and Jat dwell in those parts in subordination to the Gakhars. From the beginning of the reign of the late Emperor Bábar to the present time, this tribe would not suffer any intermission of loyalty to the illustrious dynasty, but remained steadfast in their obedience and devotion. Sárang Sultán was especially noted for his fidelity and loyalty. When Sher Khán acquired the supreme power in Hindústán, he wanted to bring the Gakhars under his authority, and used strenuous exertions to effect his purpose, but made little progress, until he succeeded, after much trouble, in getting Sárang Sultán into his hands as a prisoner. He ordered Sárang Sultán to be flayed, and shut up his son Kamál Khán in the fort of Gwalior. After the death of Sárang, his brother Ádam became the chief of the clan. He also espoused the cause of the Imperial family, and opposed the Afgháns.

When Sher Khán died, and his son Salím Khán obtained the supreme authority, he also, in imitation of his father, plun­dered and laid waste various portions of the Gakhar terri­tory, and did his utmost to vex and injure them. On one occasion, when some prisoners were brought to Gwalior for punishment, he ordered them to be placed in a house with a quantity of gunpowder, and the house to be set on fire. Common report tells how all these captives were blown into the air, and how their bodies were blown to pieces. Kamál Khán, who was sitting in a corner of the house, was by God's mercy saved. When Salím Khán heard of his preservation he sent for him, and having induced him to take an oath of fidelity, appointed him to act, in concert with the governor of the Panjáb, in the subjugation of the Gakhar territory.

Afterwards, when Hindústán again came under the rule of the Imperial house, Kamál Khán followed the example of his predecessors, and paid his allegiance. He was treated with princely favour, and received a grant of the parganas of Hanswa, Fathpúr, and Karra-Mánikpúr as a jágír. There he remained until Sher Khán, the son of Salím Khán, attacked 'Alí Kulí Khán, and endeavoured to get possession of these districts. Kamál Khán was then ordered to support 'Alí Kulí Khán, and he exhibited such courage and resolution that he was graciously told that whatever request he liked to make should be granted. Kamál Khán, in his love for his native land, begged that he might be restored to his paternal inheritance. A farmán was accordingly issued that of the territories for­merly held by Sultán Sárang, and now in the possession of Ádam Khán Gakhar, one half should be given to Kamál Khán, and the other half should remain in the possession of Ádam Khán. Orders were accordingly issued to the amírs of the Panjáb, to Mír Muhammad Khán, known as Khán-i kalán,* and to Kutbu-d dín Muhammad Khán, that if Ádam Khán made any resistance to the arrangement, they were to take the whole of the territory from him, and give it to Kamál Khán.

When the amírs informed Ádam Khán of the purport of the farmáns, he and his son and his army were dissatisfied, and paid no heed to the command. A royal army marched into the country of the Gakhars to subdue it, and Ádam Khán and his son resisted. Some sharp fighting followed, but the Gakhars were defeated, and Ádam Khán was made prisoner. His son, with the defeated army, fled into Kashmír, but after some time he also was taken prisoner.* All the Gakhar territory then came under the power of the Imperial officers, and they made it over to Kamál Khán. The amírs also placed Ádam Khán and his son in charge of Kamál Khán, and departed to their own jágírs. Kamál Khan kept Ádam Khán near him until he died.