(2). Sulānam, daughter of Sulān Aḥmad Mīrzā, married Muḥammad Ḥusain Dughlāt in the autumn of 1503. She was given to her husband by Khusrau Shāh who describes her as daughter of Sulān Aḥmad Mirzā wa pādshāh-zāda-i-man, by which Mr. Ross has understood that she was of Khusrau's ‘family.’ There was a son, issue of this marriage and named 'Abdu-l-lāh.

It is difficult to regard No. 1 and No. 2 as one woman, both because of their marriage dates and of the circumstance that No. 1 was an Uzbeg captive and No. 2 in Badakhshān. Bābar mentions no marriage of a Sulānam with Muḥammad Ḥusain Dughlāt. A surmise—it is nothing more—has occurred to me, namely: No. 2 was married to the Dughlāt mīrzā shortly after the destruction of Tāshkend; Bābar's wife 'Āyisha, third daughter of Sulān Aḥmad Mīrān-shāhī , had left Bābar shortly before that disaster. She might be Sulānam No. 2.

(3). Sulānam, or Sulānī, daughter of Sulan Aḥmad Mīrzā, was at the Mystic Feast in 1531. She is said to be the mother of Kilān Khān Begam. This title is not appropriate for the child of any of the marriages mentioned for No. 1 or No. 2. It is quite appropriate for the child of the marriage of Sulan Aḥmad and Qūtūq's firstborn daughter, Rabī'a-sulān, because Rabī'a married Sulān Maḥmūd Khān who was the Elder Khān (kilān) and also the Great Khān (Khāqān) of the Mughals. Shaibānī murdered five of Maḥmūd's six sons, but probably his girls escaped because of their value as wives.

The above notes make for the opinion that Sul-ānam is a title, and not a name. Cf. app. s.n. Māham.

Mems., 22.

Gul-badan, 24b.

Tār. Rash., E. & R., 164, 170, 193.

CLXXXVII. Sulānam. (No. 52.)

Wife of Niāmu-d-dīn 'Alī Khalīfa.

Gul-badan, 14a, 14b, 26a, 50a.

CLXXXVIII. Sulān-nigār Khānam Chaghatāī Mughal.

Daughter of Yūnas Khān Chaghatāī and Shāh Begam Badakhshī; wife of Sulān Maḥmūd Mīrzā Mīrān-shāhī; mother of Sulān Wais (Khān Mīrzā); widowed in 900H. (January, 1495).

On Maḥmūd's death in Samarqand she joined her brothers in Tāshkand, going off ‘without giving any notice of her intentions,’ says Bābar. Later on she married Awīq (Adīk) Sulān Jūjī, the chief of the Uzbeg Qazāqs. Her story is somewhat confused in the Memoirs (13 and 14) by a double mention of her marriage to Awīq. Ḥaidar Mīrzā throws some light, and it seems that when Shaibānī had murdered her brother, Mahmūd Khān, Awīq left him and joined the Uzbeg Qazāqs, his own people, and Sulān-nigār followed him into Mughalistān.

She had two daughters by Awīq, one of whom married 'Abdu-l-lāh Qūchīn and died a young wife, and the other married Rashīd Sulān Chaghatāī.

On Awīq's death, Sulān-nigār was married to his brother Qāsim, presumably in consonance with the Turkī custom of yang-lik.

With Qāsim's death, the khānship of the Qazāqs devolved on Sulān-nigār's stepson (i.e., Awīq's by a co-wife) named āhir. ‘He was,’ says Ḥaidar, ‘very much attached to her, and even preferred her to the mother who had given him birth.’

What follows is full of colour and feeling. Nigār-sulān showed her appreciation of āhir's affection, but petitioned him, saying: ‘Although you are (as) my child, and I neither think of nor desire any son but you, yet I wish you to take me to my nephew, Sulān Sa'īd Khān. For I am grown old, and I have no longer the strength to bear this wandering life in the deserts of Uzbegistān. Take me where I may enjoy some quiet and repose.’ She then offered to mediate for him and to obtain the support for him of the Mughal Khāqāns against his foes. āhir accordingly escorted her to the Mughalistān borders, and with her waited upon Sa'īd. ‘The latter, from love of his aunt, rose, saying that although his rising to receive āhir was contrary to the rules of Chingīz (their common ancestor), yet that he did it out of gratitude because āhir had brought his aunt.’

Sulān-nigār died of a hæmorrhage in the summer of 934H. (1528).

Mems., 13, 14, 30, 31, 99, 105.

Tār. Rash., E. & R., s.n.

CLXXXIX. Tarkhān Begam.

This is a title, and not a personal name.

In Bābar's time, according to Mr. Erskine (Mems., 24 n.), the ancient title of Tarkhān had come to belong to a particular family or clan. This may be well seen by consulting Professor Blochmann's Āīn-i-akbarī, 361, where the genealogical table of the Arghūns of Tatta shows the title to have become hereditary in their branch of the Arghūns.*

The Tarkhān Begam whose name stands above this notice was linked with these Tarkhān Arghūns in the way shown below. She married her first cousin, Aḥmad Mīrān-shāhī, and Qūtūq Begam was her foster-sister.

Urda-būghā Tarkhān Arghūn.
Daughter=Abū-sa'īd Mīrān-shāhī .	Darvish Muḥam-mad Tarkhān.	Daughter='Abdu-l-'alī Tarkhān Arghūn, d. cir. 1490.	Muḥammad Mazīd Tarkhān.
Maḥmūd,	Aḥmad,=Tarkhān Begam.		Bāqī Tarkhān.
b. 1453.	b. 1451;
	d. 1490.

Mems, 22, 24.

Āīn-i-akbarī, Blochmann, 361.

B. & H., I. and II. s.n. Sind, Arghūn, etc..

CXC. Tarkhān Begam and Bega.

Gul-badan, 75b.

(Tarsūn-sulān, Yūn, q.v.)

CXCI. Ulugh Begam. (No. 10.)

Daughter of Zainab Sulān Begam; grand-daughter of Sulān Abū-sa'īd; first cousin of Bābar.

Gul-badan, 24b.

CXCII. Ulūs (Anūsh and Alūsh) āghā Turkomān. (? No. 53.)

Turkī, ūlūs, tribe. Clearly a title.

Daughter of Khwāja Ḥusain Beg Turkomān of the White Sheep, an amīr of 'Umar Shaikh Mīrān-shāhī; wife of 'Umar Shaikh; mother of a girl who died in infancy. She was removed from the ḥaram a year or eighteen months after her marriage. Gul-badan mentions a begam of this name as at Hindāl's wedding-feast; whether she is Ūlūs āghā promoted, I have no means of knowing.

Mems., 14.

Gul-badan, 26a.

CXCIII. Ūmīd āghācha Andijānī.

Pers. ūmīd, hope.

An inferior wife of 'Umar Shaikh Mīrzā Mīrān-shāhī whom she predeceased. She was the mother of Mihr-bānū who was two years older than Bābar and will have been born therefore in 1481; of Nāṣir who was born in 1487; and of Shahr-bānū who was born in 1491.

Mems., 10, 14.

CXCIV. Umm-kulūm Begam Mīrān-shāhī.

A surname of Fāima, daughter of Muḥammad; Ar. umm, mother, and kulūm, plumpness.