Though the world-conquering heart (of Humāyūn) was void of the thought of the conquest of Gujrāt so long as its ruler trod the path of harmony and sincerity, yet when the Creator wills to adorn a country with the splendour (far) of a lawgiver's advent, He inevitably prepareth the means therefor. The actions of the ruler of Gujrāt are a proof of this, for he, out of native arrogance, the assaults of flatterers, abundance of intoxication and intoxicated men, poverty of prudence and of the prudent, broke without object, treaties and visible ties, and became author of many impropor acts. Thus it grew imperative for the lofty spirit (of Humāyūn) to march his army towards Gujrāt. Accordingly in the beginning of Jumāda-l-awwal, 941, (8th November, 1534), the foot of determination was placed, in a happy hour, in the stirrup of felicity, and the reins of prowess were directed to the subjugation of Gujrāt. When the army approached the fortress of Rāīsīn,* the garrison submitted entreaties together with rich presents, representing that the fort was his Majesty's, and themselves his Majesty's slaves, and that as soon as the affair of Sulān Bahādur was settled, of what use would the fort be? In fact, as the object in view was the conquest of Gujrāt, the army did not delay here, but marched on towards Mālwā. When the army had encamped at Sārangpūr* the news of its arrival reached Sulān Bahādur who was then besieging Cītōr. He awoke from the sleep of carelessness and sought the advice of his followers. Most were of opinion that as the matter of Cītōr could be settled at any time and the garrison was not giving any annoyance at present, the proper course was to put off the reduction of the fort and to march against the royal army. But Ṣadr Khān, who was prominent for knowledge and eloquence, and who ranked high in the congress (jirga) of soldiers and was renowned for wisdom and counsel, said that the proper thing was to finish the matter of the fortress, already nearly accomplished, and that as they had come out against infidels, the King of Islām would not come against them. Should be do so, they would then be excused if they aban­doned a holy war (ghazā) and attacked him. This view commended itself to Sulān Bahādur, so he went on with the siege, and on 3rd Ramaẓān, 941, (8th March, 1535), subdued the fort of Cītōr. Thereupon he marched against the illustrious army which was then encamped at Ujjain.* When the news of Sulān Bahādur's audacity reached the royal hearing, his Majesty also accelerated his movements, and the two armies encamped in the territory of Mandasōr,* belonging to Mālwā, on the opposite banks of a lake which for greatness and breadth was a sea. An engagement took place between the van of his Majesty Jahānbānī's army commanded by Bacaka Bahādur, and Sulān Bahādur's van under Sayyid ‘Alī Khān and Mīrzā Muqīm, who had the title of Khurāsān Khān, in which the latter was worsted. Sulān Bahādur too was worsted (shikasta) in his heart. Tāj Khān and Ṣadr Khān said to him “Our army is flushed with the victory of Cītōr and has not yet greatly felt the force of the royal army; it will address itself to battle with a stout heart. We should without delay go forth to fight.” Rūmī Khān* who commanded the artillery, and all the others, said to the Sulān “We have a grand park of artillery; when we have such a force of firearms, what sense is there in swordplay? The proper course is to make a bulwark of gun carriages (arāba lit. carts) and then having put a moat round this, let us first use those arms of long range so that the enemy may be diminished day by day, and be dispersed, Fighting with arrows and swords has its own proper place.”

In the end this plan was adopted. There were constant encounters and the Gujrātīs were always defeated.*

The following was one of the fortunate occurrences. One day a number of heroes and choice spirits were banqueting and became heated with wine. Everyone was exhilarated and talked of his exploits. One of them, who was further gone than the others, fell to saying, “How long shall we boast of the past! To-day the enemy is before us. Let us up and at them and so give a specimen of our valour.” Ere the reflecting portion of the army could know their design, those wine-flown revellers, about 200 in number, accoutred them­selves and set out for the hostile camp. When they approached, a Gujrātī noble, with about 4,000 men who were on guard outside the camp, advanced, and then ensued such an engagement as beg­gars description. The Gujrātīs gave way and retired to the camp discomfited, whilst the battle-lovers returned in triumph. The report of this daring robbed Sulān Bahādur's army of repose and after it they seldom came outside their fortification of gun-carriages. The victorious soldiers went everywhere, hindering the transport of corn, so that there arose great scarcity in the Gujrātī camp.

On the ‘Īd of Ramaẓān, (4th April, 1535), Muḥammad Zamān Mīrzā advanced with 500 or 600 men, and the other side also came forward to fight. After making two or three discharges of arrows the Gujrātīs dispersed, and by this stratagem brought the victorious army within the range of the guns. All at once they opened fire, and on that day some of the king's men were destroyed. After 17 days, when the auspicious hour had arrived, his Majesty Jahānbānī resolved that an attack should be made on the camp of Sulān Bahādur. Meanwhile the fear and distress of the Gujrātīs increased daily, and the conditions of misfortune became more marked. At length by the Divine favour, on the night of Sunday,* 21st Shawwāl, (25th April), Sulān Bahādur grew distracted, and ordered that his cannon and great mortars* should be crammed full of powder and set fire to so that they should burst. When evening came, Sulān Bahādur got out by a slit in the enclosure (sarā-parda), accompanied by Mīrān Muḥammad Shāh* and a few others of his intimates and set off for Māndū, taking first the road to Agra in order to throw out pursuers.* Ṣadr Khān and ‘Imādu-l-mulk Khāṣakhail took, with 20,000 horse, the direct road to Māndū.* Muḥammad Zamān Mīrzā went off towards Lāhōr with a body of men in order to stir up a commotion there. That day there was a strange uproar and confusion in the Gujrātī army, nor was the real state of matters known in the royal camp. His Majesty Jahānbānī remained under arms with 30,000 men from evening till morning and awaited the good news of a mysterious victory. At length after one watch (i.e., three hours) of the day it became known that Sulān Bahādur had fled to Māndū. The heroes of the victorious army came to the camp of Sulān Bahādur and set about plundering it. A quantity of spoil, including many elephants, and horses fell into their hands. Khudāwand Khān* who had been both preceptor (ustād) and finance-minister (wazīr) of Sulān Muaffar was made prisoner and was treated by his Majesty with great favour and made one of his servants. Yādgār Nāṣir Mīrzā, Qāsim Sulān, and Mīr Hindū Bēg were despatched with a large force to pursue the routed army.

Verily, whoever consorts with men of darkened understanding, become darkened. Especially shall an evil day come upon the man who violates treaties and engagements, and comes forward as a juggler, and plays the game of deception against such a world-lord who is the cynosure of sincerity and rectitude. In fine, after Ṣadr Khān and ‘Imādu-l-mulk had departed, his Majesty's army went straight to the fort of Māndū. His Majesty followed in the wake of his troops, and halted at Na‘lca,* and drew his camp round the fort. Rūmī Khān* deserted the hostile army and entered his Majesty's service and received a robe of honour. On the 14th day* Sulān Bahādur after passing by circuitous routes entered the fort of Māndū by the Cūlī Mahesar* Gate. A talk of an agreement took place, according to which Gujrāt and the recently acquired Cītōr should remain with the Sulān, while Māndū and its territory should belong to his Majesty Jahānbānī. Maulānā Muḥammad Parghālī* on his Majesty's side and Ṣadr Khān on behalf of Sulān Bahādur sat down together in the Nīlī Sabīl* to make arrangements. At the end of the night the sentinels of the fort left off pacing to and fro, and about 200 soldiers of the victorious army entered at the back, some by placing ladders and some by ropes. Then throwing themselves down from the wall, they opened the fort gate there and brought in their horses and mounted them. Other soldiers entered by the gate. The news was brought to the officer in charge of the works,* Mallū Khān of Māndū, who had the title of Qādir Shāh. He got on horse­back and galloped to the Sulān who was still asleep. He (Bahādur) was awakened by Qādir Shāh's cries and, between sleeping and waking, took to flight, and rushed out with three or four others. On the way Bhūpat Rāī,* son of Silhadī, who was one of his companions, came up from behind and joined him with about twenty horsemen. When they got to the gate opening on the esplanade, about 200 horsemen of the victorious army came forward to intercept them. The Sulān was the first to attack them and he was seconded by some others. At last he and Mallū Khān and one other follower cut their way through and reached the fort of Sungad.* Bahādur lowered down horses from there by ropes, and then letting himself down he after a thousand troubles took the road to Gujrāt. Qāsim Ḥusain Khān was standing near the Fort. An Uzbak named Būrī who had deserted from the Sulān's service and become the servant of Qāsim Ḥusain Khān, recognised the Sulān and informed the Khān. But the latter, owing to his length of service,* treated what he heard as unheard and so Bahādur carried off half-a-life into safety, and was joined by 1,500 men by the time he had reached Cāmpānīr. When he got there, he sent as much of his treasures and valuables as he could to the port of Diu.*