The countries from Bahrah to Bihár, which are now under my dominion, yield a revenue of fifty-two krors, as will appear from the particular and detailed statement.* Of this amount, parganas to the value of eight or nine krors are in the possession of some Ráis and Rájás, who from of old times have been submissive, and have received these parganas for the purpose of confirming them in their obedience. * * *
When I first arrived in Ágra, there was a strong mutual dislike and hostility between my people and the men of the place. The peasantry and soldiers of the country avoided and fled from my men. Afterwards, everywhere, except only in Dehlí and Ágra, the inhabitants fortified different posts, while the governors of towns put their fortifications in a posture of defence, and refused to submit or obey. Kásim Sambalí was in Sambal, Nizám Khán in Bayána, the Rájá Hasan Khán Mewáttí himself in Mewát. That infidel was* the prime mover and agitator in all these confusions and insurrections. Muhammad Zaitún was in Dhúlpúr, Tátár Khán Sárang-Khání in Gwálior, Husain Khán Lohání in Rábrí, Kutb Khán in Etáwa, and in Kalpí 'Alí Khán. Kanauj, with the whole country beyond the Ganges, was entirely in the possession of the refractory Afgháns, such as Nasír Khán Lohání, M'arúf Farmúlí, and a number of other amírs who had been in a state of open rebellion for two years before the death of Ibráhím. At the period when I defeated that prince, they had overrun, and were in possession of Kanauj and the countries in that quarter, and had advanced and encamped two or three marches on this side of Kanauj. They elected Bihár Khán,* the son of Daryá Khán, as their king, and gave him the name of Sultán Muhammad. Marghúb, a slave, was in Mahában. * This confederation, though approaching, yet did not come near for some time. When I came to Ágra it was the hot season. All the inhabitants fled from terror, so that we could not find grain nor provender, either for ourselves or our horses. The villages, out of hostility and hatred to us, had taken to rebellion, thieving and robbery. The roads became impassable. I had not time, after the division of the treasure,* to send proper persons to occupy and protect the different parganas and stations. It happened, too, that the heats were this year uncommonly oppressive. Many men about the same time dropped down, as if they had been affected by the Simúm wind, and died on the spot.
On these accounts, not a few of my Begs and best men began to lose heart, objected to remaining in Hindustán, and even began to make preparations for their return. * * * I no sooner heard this murmuring among my troops, than I summoned all my Begs to a council. I told them that, * * by the Divine favour, I had routed my formidable enemy, and achieved the conquest of the numerous provinces and kingdoms which we at present held, “and now, what force compels, and what hardship obliges us, without any visible cause, after having worn out our life in accomplishing the desired achievement, to abandon and fly from our conquests, and to retreat back to Kábul with every symptom of disappointment and discomfiture? Let not any one who calls himself my friend ever henceforward make such a proposal. But if there is any one among you who cannot bring himself to stay, or to give up his purpose of returning back, let him depart.” Having made them this fair and reasonable proposal, the discontented were of necessity compelled, however unwillingly, to renounce their seditious purposes. Khwája Kilán not being disposed to remain, it was arranged that as he had a numerous retinue, he should return back to guard the presents. * * *
Although Ráná Sanka,* the Pagan, when I was in Kábul, had sent me an ambassador with professions of attachment, and had arranged with me, that, if I would march from that quarter into the vicinity of Dehlí, he would march from the other side upon Ágra; yet when I defeated Ibráhím, and took Dehlí and Ágra, the Pagan, during all my operations, did not make a single movement. After some time, he advanced and laid siege to Kandhár,* the name of a fort which was held by Hasan, the son of Makon. Hasan Makon had several times sent me envoys, though Makon himself had not waited on me with his submissions. The forts around, such as Etáwa, Dhúlpúr, Gwálior, and Bayána were not yet in my possession. The Afgháns to the eastward were in a state of rebellion and contumacy; they had even advanced two or three marches from Kanauj towards Ágra, and had then encamped and fortified their position. I was by no means secure of the fidelity of the country immediately about us. It was impossible for me, therefore, to send any detachment to his relief; and Hasan, in the course of two or three months, having been reduced to extremity, entered into a capitulation, and surrendered the fort of Kandár. * * *
[In Muharram, Nizám Khán, of Bayána], as soon as he had certain information of the approach of Ráná Sanka, the Pagan, seeing no remedy, sent for Saiyid Rafa', and by his mediation delivered up the fort to my troops; after which he accompanied the Saiyid to the presence, and was graciously received and taken into my service. * * * Tátár Khán Sárang-khání, who held Gwálior, had repeatedly sent messengers with professions of submission and attachment. After the Pagan had taken Kandhár, and when he was approaching Bayána, one of the Rájás of Gwálior, Darmankat, and one Khán Jahán, a Pagan, came into the city of Gwálior, and began to attempt, by raising an insurrection and gaining a party, to produce a defection and seize the fortress. Tátár Khán finding himself in considerable difficulty was willing to deliver up the fort to me. * * * I despatched Rahím-dád with a party of Bahrah men and Lahorís, * * * who were directed to return after establishing Rahím-dád in Gwálior. When they got near Gwálior, Tátár Khán had changed his mind, and would not suffer them to enter the fort. * * * Rahímdád sent in notice that he was afraid to remain without from dread of the Pagans; and proposed that he should be allowed to enter the fort with a few of his men, while the rest stayed without the walls. After much entreaty, Tátár Khán assented to this arrangement. Rahím-dád had no sooner secured his own admission, and that of a few of his men, than he requested that some of his people might be permitted to attend at the gate, which was granted; and accordingly some of his people were stationed at the Hastiapol or elephant-gate. That very night he introduced the whole of his men by that gate. In the morning Tátár Khán, seeing that there was no help for it, surrendered the fort very unwillingly, and came and waited upon me at Ágra.
Humáyún, who had proceeded against the rebels of the East, having taken Jaunpúr, marched expeditiously to Gházípúr, for the purpose of attacking Nasír Khán.* The Afgháns in that quarter, on getting notice of his approach, passed the river Sarú.* The light detachment of the army that had advanced marched back again, after plundering the country. Humáyún then arranged everything as I had directed. * * * He crossed the Ganges at Karra-Manikpúr, and marched by way of Kalpí to join me. * * * On Sunday, the 3rd of the last Rabí', he waited on me in the garden of the Hasht-bihisht.