Háshim's son is the renowned Muhammad Qásim Khán Mír A´tish. He was, in the 18th year of Sháhjahán, a commander of 1000, 500 horse, Dároghah of the Top­khánah and Koṭwál of the camp. He distinguished himself in Balkh, Andkhúd, received the title of Mu'tamid Khán, and was made, in the 21st year, a commander of 2000, 1000 horse, and A´khtah Begí. In the following year, he was promoted to a command of 3000, and also got the title of Qásim Khán. He then served under Aurangzíb in Qandahár, and was made, in the 28th year, a commander of 4000, 2500 horse. In the next year, he destroyed Fort Sántúr (<Arabic>), which the ruler of Srí­nagar had repaired. Later, he was made by Dárá Shikoh a commander of 5000, 5000 sihaspah-duaspah, received a present of a lac of rupees, and was appointed governor of Ahmadábád (Gujrát), whilst Jaswant Singh was made governor of Málwah. Both were ordered to unite their contingents near Ujjain, and keep Prince Murád Bakhsh in check. When the Prince left Gujrát, the two commanders marched against him viâ Báṉswárah; but when approaching K'háchrod, Murád suddenly retreated 18 kos, and joined, seven kos from Ujjain, the army of Aurangzíb. The two chiefs had received no information of Aurangzíb's march. They attacked him, however, but were totally defeated (near Ujjain, 22nd Rajab, 1068). In the first battle between Aurangzíb and Dárá, at Samogar,* Qásim commanded the left wing. Soon after, he made his submission, and received Sambhal and Murádábád as tuyúl, as Rustam Khán i Dak'hiní, the former jágírdár, had fallen at Samogar. Qásim was then charged with the capture of Sulaimán Shikoh. In the 3rd year of Aurangzíb's reign, he was appointed to Mathurá. On the way, he was murdered by a brother of his, who is said to have led a miserable life (1071). The murderer was executed at Aurangzíb's order.

227. Mi´rza´ Fari´du´n, son of Muhammad Qulí Khán Barlás (No. 31).

He has been mentioned above, p. 342. His death took place at Udaipúr in 1023 (Tuzuk, p. 131).

228. Yu´suf Kha´n [Chak], king of Kashmír.

Yúsuf's father was 'Alí Khán Chak, king of Kashmír. He died from a hurt he received during a game at chaugán (p. 297), having been violently thrown on the pommel of the saddle (pesh-kohah i zín). On his death, Yúsuf was raised to the throne (Akbarnámah, III., 237). He first surrounded the palace of his uncle Abdál, who aimed at the crown, and in the fight which ensued, Abdál was shot. A hostile party, thereupon, raised one Sayyid Mubárak to the throne, and in a fight which took place on the maidán of Srínagar, where the 'I´d prayer is said, Yúsuf was defeated. Without taking further part in the struggle, he fled, and came, in the 24th year, to Akbar's Court, where he was well received. During his stay at court, Sayyid Mubárak had been forced to retire, and Lohar Chak, son of Yúsuf's uncle, had been made king. In the 25th year, (Akbarn., III., 288), the emperor ordered several Panjáb nobles to reinstate Yúsuf. When the imperial army reached Pinjar, the Kashmírís sued for mercy, and Yúsuf, whom they had solicited to come alone, without informing Akbar's commanders, entered Kashmír, seized Lohar Chak without fighting, and commenced to reign.

Some time after, Çálih Díwánah reported to the emperor how firmly and indepen­dently Yúsuf had established himself, and Akbar sent Shaikh Ya'qúb i Kashmírí, a trusted servant, with his son Haidar to Kashmír, to remind Yúsuf of the obligations under which he lay to the emperor. In the 29th year, therefore, Yúsuf sent his son Ya'qúb with presents to Akbar, but refused personally to pay his respects, although the court, in the 30th year, had been transferred to the Panjáb; and Ya'qúb, who had hitherto been with the emperor, fled from anxiety for his safety. The emperor then sent Hakím 'Alí (No. 192) and Baháuddín Kambú to Yúsuf, to persuade him to come, or, if he could not himself come, to send again his son. As the embassy was without result, Akbar ordered Sháhrukh Mírzá (No. 7) to invade Kashmír. The imperial army marched over Pak'hlí, and was not far from Bárah Múlah, when Yúsuf sub­mitted and surrendered himself (Akbarn. III., 492).* Sháhrukh was on the point of returning, when he received the order to complete the conquest. Yúsuf being kept a prisoner, the Kashmírís raised Aulád Husain, and, soon after, Ya'qúb, Yúsuf's son, to the throne; but he was every where defeated. Information of Yúsuf's submission and the defeat of the Kashmírís was sent to court, and at Srínagar the khuṭbah was read, and coins were struck, in Akbar's name. The cultivation of za'farán (p. 84)* and silk, and the right of hunting, were made imperial monopolies (p. 411). On the approach of the cold season, the army returned with Yúsuf Khán, and arrived, in the 31st year, at court. Todar Mall was made responsible for Yúsuf's person.

As Ya'qúb Khán and a large party of Kashmírís continued the struggle, Qásim (No. 59) was ordered to march into Kashmír, to put an end to the rebellion. Ya'qúb was again on several occasions defeated.

In the 32nd year, Yúsuf was set at liberty, received from Akbar a jágír in Bihár (Akbarn., III., 547), and was made a commander of 500. He served in Bengal. In the 37th year, he accompanied Mán Singh, to Oṛísá, and commanded the detachment, which marched over Jháṛkand and Kokrah* (Chutiá Nágpúr) to Mednípúr (Akbarn., III., 641).

Ya'qúb Khán, soon after, submitted, and paid his respects to Akbar, when, in the 34th year, the court had gone to Kashmír (p. 380).

Yúsuf Khán is not to be confounded with No. 388.

229. Nu´r Qulij, son of A´ltún Qulij.

Altún or áltún is Turkish, and means ‘gold.’

Núr Qulij was a relation of Qulij Khán (No. 42). He served under him in the expedition to I´dar, which Akbar had ordered to be made when moving, in the 21st year, from Ajmír to Gogundah. In the fight with the zamíndár of I´dar, N. Q. was wounded. In the 26th year, he served under Sulṭán Murád against Mírzá Muham­mad Hakím. In the 30th year, he again served under Qulij Khán, who had been made governor of Gujrát. He continued to serve there under the Khánkhánán (No. 29), and returned with him, in the 32nd year, to court.

230. Mi´r 'Abdul Hai, Mír 'Adl.

The Ṭabaqát calls him Khwájah 'Abdul Hai, and says that the was an Amír. He had been mentioned above on pp. 468, 471.

231. Sha´h Quli´ Kha´n Na´ranji´.

Abulfazl says that Sháh Qulí was a Kurd from near Baghdád. He was an old servant of Humáyún. In the first year of Akbar's reign, he served under Khizr Khán (p. 365, note 2) in the Panjáb. He was much attached to Bairám. In the 11th year, he was sent to Gaḍha, when Mahdí Qásim Khán (No. 36) had left that province with­out permission for Makkah.

The Ṭabaqát calls him a commander of 1000.

His son, Pádisháh Qulí, was a poet, and wrote under the name of Jazbí. A few verses of his are given below in the list of poets.

232. Farrukh Kha´n, son of Khán i Kalán (No. 16).

He was mentioned on pp. 322 and 357. According to the Ṭabaqát, he served, in 1001, in Bengal.

233. Sha´dma´n, son of Khán i A'zam Kokah (No. 21).

Vide above, p. 328.

234. Haki´m 'Ainul Mulk, of Shíráz.

He is not to be confounded with Hakím ul Mulk; vide below among the Physi­cians of the court.