In this year Mír Jumla Tarkhán, one of the greatest nobles, and a man of learning and a friend of the learned, who was chiefly engaged in the study of the natural sciences, according to the will of God, departed this transitory world. This Mír Jumla was called Mír 'Ibádu-llah. He came to Hindústán from Samarkand in search of his father, Mír Abú-l Wafá, who had become kází of Benares. By degrees he himself was appointed kází of the province of Bengal, and when Prince Muhammad Farrukh Siyar became governor of that province, he made him his tutor. During the time of this Prince's reign he was reckoned one of the greatest nobles of the State, and had the conduct of all political affairs in his hands. At last, through the hostility of the Saiyids, he was deprived, after the murder of Farrukh Siyar, of all the insignia of nobility; but, by the favour of Husain 'Alí Khán, he was again raised to his former rank and jágír, as well as to the office of Sadru-s sudúr. He was a person of exceeding generosity, and gave away lacs of rupees. He was often heard to say, that as regards the works of this world, he had only one desire unfulfilled, which was that he had never been able to give any person a present of one kror of rupees. He loved knowledge and learned men, because by means of his learning he had reached the Emperor's Court, and obtained his rank.
In the same year, at the instigation of Rája Jai Singh, the vile enemy took possession of Málwá, and the Rája himself added to his own territory many parganas which belonged to the Emperor in the vicinity of Amber. Dhankal Singh, Rája of Márwár, sacked the district of Rewárí, which is thirty kos from Dehlí, and took thirteen lacs of rupees from the authorities of that place. The enemies in all parts of the country stretched out their hands to ravage and plunder.
Wazíru-l Mulk I'timádu-d daula Kamru-d dín Khán, with 70,000 horse, marched from Dehlí against Udárú, the Zamíndár of Kora Jahánábád, who had killed Ján Nisár Khán. Udárú, on receiving the intelligence, retired from the district, and Kamru-d dín Khán returned to the seat of Empire through Kanauj and Farrukhábád.
Muzaffar Khán, brother of Khán-daurán Khán, accompanied by Jai Singh and other Rájas, was despatched with a large army against the enemy, but being informed at Sironj that they had crossed the Nerbadda, and gone to the Dakhin, he returned to the capital.
According to the Emperor's orders, I'timádu-d daula Kamru-d dín Khán Nusrat Jang, with a large army, many elephants, and heavy ordnance, moved towards the enemy through Ágra, and Amíru-l umará Bahádur Samsámu-d daula Mansúr Jang, with many nobles and Rájas, and at the head of an army said to amount to 90,000 horse, and a large park of artillery, marched through the territory of Mewát. But through the misrepresentations of Rája Jai Singh, he was induced to give orders not to commence an action. One day, however, as 'Alí Hámid Khán, one of the chief nobles, had left camp, he encountered by chance a body of the enemy. Although he had no force with him at the time, yet with his few attendants he repulsed the assailants, and returned to the camp in safety. As the Amíru-l umará would not engage with the enemy, one of the nobles named Tírandáz Khán deserted him, and departed with three hundred horse with the intention of going to Dehlí; upon which a party of the enemy, acting, it is said, under the instructions of Rája Jai Singh, hastened in pursuit, and having overtaken him, surrounded him on all sides like a swarm of ants and locusts. Tír-andáz Khán showed great courage, and after fighting nobly, met with the honour of martyrdom. Of his followers some were killed, and others fell prisoners into the hands of the enemy.
In the mean time, one of the enemy, by name Malhárjí, with a body of 45,000 horse, overran some of the parganas of Rája Jai Singh, and laid siege to the fort of Sámbhar. After three days the city was taken and plundered. It is said that nine hundred inhabitants of the city were killed and wounded. He took a contribution of one hundred and fifty thousand rupees, besides two elephants and some horses from Fakhru-d dín Husain Khán, son of Udú Afghán Khán, the then governor of the place, and returned to oppose the army of the Amíru-l umará.
The Amíru-l umará, deceived by Rája Jai Singh, returning to the capital without coming once to action, arrived on the 17th of Zí-l hijja. I'timádu-d daula, who had gone to oppose the enemy viâ Ágra, fought with Pílújí Mahratta, near Narwar.
At last, he also, leaving the result of the war, returned to Dehlí on the 29th of Zí-l hijja in the same year.
The enemy went to the territory of Mewár, which is ruled by the Ráná, reached the city of Údípúr, and having taken a contribution from the Ráná, turned towards Márwár, plundered the city of Mírtá, took some tribute from Bakht Singh, Rája of Nágor, and then arrived at Ajmír. The Mahratta chiefs alighted from their horses, and with the utmost respect visited the tomb of the great and venerable Khwája, and thence advanced to the fort of Rúpnagar. Rája Sáwant Singh had busied himself in strengthening the fort with heavy guns. The army of the enemy, seeing no way of success, retreated, after suffering much loss, towards Jaipúr. In the mean time, Yádgár Khán Ráo, Saiyid Kirpárán, and Najábat 'Alí Khán, the nephew of Husain 'Alí Khán, went to Jai Singh, to request his interposition in coming to some accommodation with the enemy. All these officers, with the concurrence of Rája Jai Singh, gave the enemy in the district of Kishangarh a sum of twenty lacs of rupees on the part of the Emperor, to induce them to return to the Dakhin, when they themselves returned to Dehlí.
During this year Burhánu-l Mulk Sa'ádat Khán went towards Kora Jahánábád. The chief of that tract, named Bhagwant, son of Udárú, who before this, having killed Ján Nisár Khán, governor of that place, had greatly injured and oppressed the peasantry, on receiving the news of the Burhánu-l Mulk's advance, marched forward with a body of vagabonds amounting to twenty-five thousand horse and foot. The army of Burhánu-l Mulk, excepting himself and two thousand horse, had not yet crossed the Ganges, when suddenly the army of that ringleader of the infidels appeared. After both parties had met, much fighting ensued. Bhagwant Singh himself shot an arrow which wounded Burhánu-l Mulk in the arm. But that lion of the field of courage immediately drew it out, and in turn shot that vile infidel in the forehead, and sent him to the next world. Many of his followers were slain, and the rest fled away. Burhánu-l Mulk victoriously returned to camp, and ordered him to be flayed, and his skin to be filled with straw. His head and that of his son were placed on the points of spears and sent to the capital.
In the beginning of Sha'bán of this year the compiler of this work saw with his own eyes the skins and heads of both those unfortunate wretches hanging in the bázár of Dehlí near the Police Office.
The Mahratta armies entered the territory of Bhadáwar, the
chief of which, Amrat Singh, collected an army, advanced from
the town of Ater with the utmost intrepidity, and gave battle at
the distance of a kos from that town. It is commonly reported
that the army of the Rája consisted of seven thousand horse,
twenty thousand foot, and forty-five elephants; while that of the
invaders amounted to near one hundred thousand horse. The war
continued for one month; and although the territory of Bhadá-