QITA‘H.
If you saddle the piebald horse of Circumstance,
and if the white horse of state leads thee beside him,
And if the garden of your pleasure in happiness
copies fair the past memories of Paradise,
Be not proud, for this mean time will unexpectedly
draw its pen through the writing of your fortune.
Time is like a wind, which at the first
draws from the cheek of the rose the veil with all respect,
Then after a week has passed in the midst of the garden,
drags its body with ignominy to the dust.
The world at one time brings forward by turn in the narrow course, the horses of honour and disgrace.
The crafty fowler gives the bird grain, and then draws it into the noose of his artfully laid snare.
One man who has lost all hope, gains honour,
Another who is always hopeful in spite of all is disgraced.
Strange is it if a man who has walked in the shadow of poverty should court a favour from the sun?
49. Be content, if you have a portion of wisdom,
that the ignorant should be oppressed by the foolish
What of that man who, in the assembly of mirth and merri­ment quaffs the wine of pleasure from the cup of luxuriousness?
What of him who sitting behind the wall of sorrow suffers from the after effects of sorrow and the worry of toil?
At last the hand of fate takes both of them straight off to the brink of the pit of death.
Happy is the brave hearted man who like Sharaf draws the foot of fidelity beneath the skirt of retirement.

And in this year Sulán Muizzu-d-Dín left Alí Kirmáj* who was governor of Multán, as his Vicegerent in Lahore, and in the year 587 H. coming from Ghaznín he reduced the fort of Tabarhindah* which was the capital of the great rájás of Hindustán, and left Malik Ẓiáu-d-Dín Tukilí* with a corps d'elite consisting of one thousand two hundred cavalry soldiers, and was contemplating a return. In the meantime Ráí Pathúrá the Governor of Ajmír, and Khandí Ráí his brother who had been Governor of Dehlí before Pathúrá, arrived with a vast army at a place called Taráyan* on the banks of the river Sarsuti at a distance of seven krohís* from Thánesar. It is now known by the name of Taráwarí* and is distant forty krohs* from Dehli. A great conflict ensued with the Sulán and the Muslim troops were defeated. The Sulán evinced great bravery on the field of battle, and in that engagement also Khandí Ráí who was mounted on an elephant at the head of his army, received a spear thrust in his mouth from the hand of the Sulán. The Sulán also was struck on the head by the Rái's spear, and his arm was also wounded but both escaped in safety. 50. The Sulán got off his horse and taking up his son Khiljí upon his horse and mounting behind him took him off the field; the Sulán proceeded to Ghaznín, and Ráí Pathúrá took the fortress of Tabarhindah from Zíáu-d-Dín Tukilí on peaceable terms after a siege of one year and one month. And in the year 588 H. the Sulán again came into Hindustán with a large and brave army of 40,000 cavalry, and divided his forces into four army corps, and having given battle time after time in the place above men­tioned gained a victory. Pathúrá was taken prisoner and Khandí Ráí having been overcome in battle was killed and hasted to his resting-place in Hell. The Sulán then having reduced the fortresses of Sarsutí* and Hánsí proceeded to Ajmír the capital of Pathúrá, reduced it and plundered its environs killing and taking prisoners. From certain other sources we learn that Ḥaẓrat Khwájá Muínu-d-Dín Chishtí* may God sanctify his heart, that revered one who is the fountain head of the great and holy men and the dignified elders of the land of Hind, whose blessed tomb is a place of pilgrimage situated in Ajmír, was at that time in the company of the Sulán, and this victory occurred through the impulse of the blessed and divine soul of that pillar of holiness. And in this year leaving Sulán Malik Qubu-d-Dín Aibak who was his servant and adopted son and vicegerent in the town of Kúhrám which is distant seventy krohs from Dehli, he invaded and plundered the Siwálik range which lies to the North of Hindustán, and proceeded to Ghaznín. In the same year too Qutbu-d-Dín having captured Dehli took it away from the kins­men of Pathúrá and Khandí Ráí. Then in the year 589 H. (1193 51. A, D.) Sulán Shihábu-d-Dín fought with Rái Jai Chand the gover­nor of Qanauj, on the confines of Chandwár* and Aṭáwah,* killed him and went to Ghaznín. The fort of Kol* fell into the hands of Qutbu-d-Dín Aibak, and he made Dehli his capital and brought its surrounding districts under his sway. From that date Dehli once more became the metropolis of the Suláns. The erection of minarets and other buildings of that kind, such as mosques, was commenced in the reign of Sulán Shamsu-d-Dín Altamash* in the year 606 H., as will be related, if God (may He be exalted) so will it, in its own place. And in the year 591 H., he took the fort of Bhangar* and Badáon. And in the year 593 H. he conquered Gujerát and took his army to Nahrwálá which is known as Pattan,* and having taken vengeance for the Sulán on Bhím Raí Dev, and having taken much spoil returned; and in that year Sulán Ghiyáu-d-Dín removed his effects from the transitory world to the eternal abode,* and Sulán Muizzu-d-Dín having heard this news when on the confines of Tús and Sarakhs,* turned towards Bádghís and per­formed the duties of the mourning ceremonies and having divided his brother's dominious among his kindred* came to Ghaznín and brought an army against Khwárazm, and on the first occasion Sulán Muḥammad Khwárazm Sháh suffered defeat, and the Sulán pursued him and fought the Khwárazmians at the head of an aqueduct which they had dug from the eastern bank of the Jaihún, and a number of the noted generals of Ghor were martyred and he could not take Khwárazm; he also fought a great battle with an army of Khiái* kings of Turkistán who had come to the help of Sulán Muḥammad,* on the banks of the river Jaihún—he fought right bravely but at last was defeated, and being left with a hundred thousand cavalry soldiers he entered the fortress of Andkhúd where he entrenched himself, and 52. having asked for quarter* returned to Ghaznín; and at that time the tribe of the Khúkhars in the neighbourhood of Lahore shewed symptoms of revolting the Sulán accordingly brought an army against them, and also summoned Quṭbu-d-Dín Aibak from Dehlí, and having given the Khúkhars a severe lesson returned to Ghaznín, and while on the way back was martyred at Damyak,* which is the name of a village of the dependencies of Ghaznín, at the hands of Khúkhar bandits—the following qitá‘h has been written to chronicle this event:—*

The martyrdom of the king of sea and land Shihábu-d-Dín,
Whose like has never yet been seen since the world began,
On the third day from the first of Sha‘bán, in the year 602
Happened in the road to Ghaznín at the stage Damyak.

The days of his reign from the commencement of the rule of Ghaznín to the end of his life were thirty and two years and some months, and he left no heir save one daughter, but he left behind him much treasure of gold and silver and precious stones, among these latter were five hundred mans* of diamonds jewels of great value, besides cash and estates and other property the value of which we may estimate on the same scale. He made expeditions to Hindústán nine times, twice was defeated and seven times was victorious.

Thou didst see Muizzu-d-Dín Muḥammad Sám, who in war
Was stronger in heart and hand than Sám and Narímán
He obtained, like Maḥmúd, from the elephants of Hindústán
Governments of Sásán and many kingdoms of Sámán
He departed this world, and they say (the writer vouches for it)
That there remained of his secret treasure 500 mans of dia­monds.

And in his reign many learned doctors and scientists and poets 53. flourished, of whom was Imám Fakhru-d-Dín Rází* may God be merciful to him who wrote the Laṭáif-i-Ghiyaí and other books in honour of his brother Sulán Ghiyáu-d-Dín Abú-l-Fatḥ. He remained with the army of Sulán Muizzu-d-Dín Muḥammad Sám, and every week used to stand up to preach, and at the termination of his sermon the Sulán used to evince great emotion, and since the Imám got very wearied of this continual coming and going, and everlasting service, one day addressing the Sulán from the pulpit he said Oh! Sulán Muizzu-d-Dín, some time hence neither will this greatness and glory of yours remain nor the flattery and hypocrisy of Rází: The following qia‘h is by him:

If an enemy does not agree with you O friend
If behoves you to agree with your enemy,
If not, then have patience for a few days
He will not remain, nor will you, nor the pride of Rází.

And after the assassination of the Sulán certain mischief-makers out of envy accused the Imám of having conspired with the Fidáís,* and asserted that the Imám was well aware of their hypocrisy. They made an attempt upon the lmám and he fled for refuge to Muaiyyidu-l-Mulk Sinjarí* who was one of the dis­tinguished generals of the Sulṭán; he despatched him in safety to a place of security. A poet has written an ode in praise of him of which the following are two couplets.

Sulán Muizzu-d-Dín Sháh Ghází whose sword in the world has become like the famous Zulfiqár* of Alí Murtazá.
The true Sulán Muḥammad Sám, he whose love for the people is like the Sun of the friendship of Mustafá.

Another poet says:—

The Emperor of the age, Khusrau Ghází Muizzu-d-Dín 54.
From whom the glory of crown and diadem gains increase,
The origin of victory, Muḥammad ibn Sám ibn Husain
His very presence has become the mark for princely glory.*

And Názukí Marághaí too says in praise of him:—

Sháh Muizzu-d-Dín before whose princely might
The heaven stands girt like a bunch of flowers
He came to the throne like a rose at the time when
The heaven brought the Sun into the Balance.*
He in the fire of whose wrath evil doers
Give up their sweet lives like sugarcane.
The sugar of religion and the rose of sovereignty
The revolving sphere has mixed together;
Oh Lord! let this conserve of religion and sovereignty
Be the cause of health to the whole world.

And Qáẓi Ḥamíd* of Balkh says:

Ghází Muizzu-d-Dín wad-Dunyá with whom
On the day of battle victory marches with his auspicious standard,
Bú l Muzaffar* the Ruler of the East for whom in the field of battle
The Humá of his canopy carries as it were victory under its wing.