After Akbar's accession, Atgah Khán was despatched to Kábul to bring to India the Empress mother and the other Begums. Soon after, on the march from Mankoṭ to Láhor, the elephant affair took place, which has been related under Bairám Khán, p. 316. He held Khusháb in the Panjáb as jágír, and received, after Bairám's fall, the insignia of that chief. He was also appointed Governor of the Panjáb. He defeated Bairám Khán near Jálindhar, before Akbar could come up, for which victory Akbar honored him with the title of A'zam Khán. In the sixth year, he came from Láhor to the Court, and acted as Vakíl either in supersession of Mun'im Khán, or by ‘usurpation,’ at which Akbar connived. Mun'im Khán and Shiháb Khán (No. 26) felt much annoyed at this, and instigated Adham (vide No. 19) to kill Atgah Khán,* 12th Ramazán, 969.

For Atgah Khán's brothers vide Nos. 16, 28, 63, and for his sons, Nos. 18 and 21. The family is often called in Histories Atgah Khail, ‘the foster father battalion.’

16. Kha´n i Kala´n, Mir Muhammad, elder brother of Atgah Khán.

He served under Kámrán and Humáyún, and rose to high dignity during the reign of Akbar. Whilst Governor of the Panjáb, where most of the Atgahs (Atgah Khail) had jágírs, he distinguished himself in the war with the G'hakkars, the extirpation of Sulṭán A´dam, and in keeping down Kamál Khán. In the ninth year he assisted Mírzá Muhammad Hakím against Mírzá Sulaimán (No. 5), restored him to the throne of Kábul, settled the country, and sent back the imperial troops under his brother Qnṭbuddín (No. 28), though Akbar had appointed the latter Atálíq of the Prince. But Khán i Kalán did not get on well with M. M. Hakím, especially when the Prince had given his sister Fakhrunnisá Begum (a daughter of Humáyún by Jújak Begum, and widow of Mír Sháh Abul Ma'álí) to Khwájah Hasan Naqshbandí in marriage. To avoid quarrels, Khán i Kalán left one night Kábul and returned to Láhor.

In the 13th year (976), the Atgah Khail was removed from the Panjáb, and ordered to repair to A´grah. Khán i Kalán received Sambhal as Jágír, whilst Husain Qulí Khán (No. 24) was appointed to the Panjáb. In 980, he was sent by Akbar in advance, for the reconquest of Gujrát (Bad. II, 165). On the march, near Sarohí (Ajmír), he was wounded by a Rájpút, apparently without cause; but he recovered. After the conquest, he was made governor of Patan (Nahrwálah). He died at Patan in 983.

He was a poet and wrote under the takhalluç of ‘Ghaznawí,’ in allusion to his birth­place. Badáoní (III, 287) praises him for his learning.

His eldest son, Fázil Khán (No. 156) was a Hazárí, and was killed when Mírzá 'Azíz Kokah (No. 21), was shut up in Ahmadábád. His second son, Farrukh Khán (No. 232) was a Panjçadí. Nothing else is known of him.

17. Mi´rza´ Sharafuddin Husai´n, son of Khwájah Mu'ín.

He was a man of noble descent. His father, Khwájah Mu'ín was the son of Kháwind Mahmúd, second son of Khwájah Kalán (known as Khwájagán Khwájah), eldest son of the renowned saint Khwájah Náçiruddín 'Ubaidullah Ahrár. Hence Mírzá Sharafuddín Hnsain is generally called Ahrárí.

His grandfather, Kháwind Mahmúd went to India, was honorably received by Humáyún, and died at Kábul.

His father, Khwájah Mu'ín, was a rich, but avaricious man; he held the tract of land, called ‘Rúdkhánah i Nasheb,’ and served under 'Abdullah Khán, ruler of Káshghar. He was married to Kíjak Begum, daughter of Mír 'Aláulmulk of Tirmiz, who is a daughter of Fakhr Jahán Begum, daughter of Sulṭán Abú Sa'íd Mírzá. ‘Hence the blood of Tímúr also flowed in the veins of Mírzá Sharafuddín Husain.’ As the son did not get on well with his father, he went to Akbar. Through the powerful influence of Máhum, Akbar's nurse, and Adham Khán, her son (No. 19), Mírzá Sharaf was appointed Panjhazárí. In the 5th year, Akbar gave him his sister Bakhshí Bánú Begum in marriage, and made him governor of Ajmír and Nágor. In 969, when Akbar went to Ajmír, Mírzá Sharaf joined the emperor, and distinguished himself in the siege of Mírt'ha, which was defended by Jagmal and Devídás, the latter of whom was killed in an engagement subsequent to their retreat from the fort.

In 970, Mírzá Sharaf's father came to A´grah and was received with great honors by Akbar. In the same year, Mírzá Sharaf, from motives of suspicion, fled from A´grah over the frontier, pursued by Husain Qulí Khán (No. 24) and other grandees. His father, ashamed of his son's behaviour, left for Hijáz, but died at Cambay. The ship on which his body was, foundered. Mírzá Sharaf stayed for some time with Changiz Khán, a Gujrát noble, and then joined the rebellion of the Mírzás. When Gujrát was conquered, he fled to the Dak'hin, and passing through Baglánah, was captured by the Zamíndár of the place, who after the conquest of Súrat handed him over to Akbar. To frighten him, Akbar ordered him to be put under the feet of a tame elephant, and after having kept him for some time imprisoned, he sent him to Muzaffar Khán, Governor of Bengal (No. 37), who was to give him a jágír, should he find that the Mírzá shewed signs of repentance; but if not, to send him to Makkah. Muzaffar was waiting for the proper season to have him sent off, when Mír Ma'çúm i Kábulí rebelled in Bihár. Joined by Bábá Khán Qáqshál, the rebels besieged Muzaffar Khán in Ṭánḍah and overpowered him. Mírzá Sharaf fled to them, after having taken possession of the hidden treasures of Muzaffar. But subsequently he became Ma'çúm's enemy. One was waiting for an opportunity to kill the other. Ma'çúm at last bribed a boy of the name of Mahmúd, whom Mírzá Sharaf liked, and had his enemy poisoned. Mírzá Sharaf's death took place in 988. He is wrongly called Siefuddeen in Stewart's History of Bengal (p. 108).

18. Yu´suf Muhammad Kha´n, eldest son of Atgah Khán (No. 15).

He was Akbar's foster brother (kokah or kúkaltásh). When twelve years old, he distinguished himself in the fight with Bairám (p. 317, l. 5,) and was made Khán. When his father had been killed by Adham Khán (No. 19), Akbar took care of him and his younger brother, 'Azíz Kokah (No. 21). He distinguished himself during the several rebellions of Khán Zamán (No. 13).

He died from excessive drinking in 973. Bad. II, p. 84.

19. Adham Kha´n,* son of Máhum Anagah.