APPENDIX.
 
GLOSSARY
OF TECHNICAL AND ALLEGORICAL EXPRESSIONS
IN USE AMONG THE SÚFÍ POETS.

(A. Arabic. P. Persian.)

P.<Arabic>abrú. The eyebrow. The miracles of Moses.
A.<Arabic>ijtimá’. Collection. Man’s sole desire being concentràted in a longing after God.
A.<Arabic>asfár. Journeys. There are four jour­neys undertaken by the Súfí Traveller. 1. The journey to God. See Part I. Chapter I. 2. The journey to God whilst journeying in God. 3. The upward progress and actual meeting with the Deity. 4. The journey to God whilst journeying from God for the recovery of sinners.
A.<Arabic>islám. Islamism. Resignation. Sub­mission to the decrees of God.
A.<Arabic>alast. “Art thou not?” The words uttered by the voice of God, “Art thou not My creature?” See nidá.
A.<Arabic>anáníyat. Egotism.
P.<Arabic>angusht. Finger. God’s all-comprehending power.
A.<Arabic>ímán. Faith. Finding God.
P.<Arabic>á’ïna. Mirror. The human heart. Mir­rors in the East were of metal, hence the frequent occurrence of such expressions as “polish thy mirror,” meaning “purify thy heart.”
P.<Arabic>báda. New wine. Divine love.
P.<Arabic>bázú. Arm. God’s Will.
A.<Arabic>bátil. False. All that is not God.
P.<Arabic>bámdád. Morning. The last stage of the journey.
P.<Arabic>but. Idol. God as the object of con­templation.
P.<Arabic>but parast. Idol-worshipper. A con­templative devotee.
A.<Arabic>baitul harám. The Holy of Holies. In Sufi poetry it represents the Per­fect Man.
A.<Arabic>baitul mucaddas. The House of Holiness. Ordinarily used to designate the Temple at Jerusalem, but in Sufi­istic language, a heart unpolluted by earthly love.
P.<Arabic>pákbází. Purity. Inclination towards holiness without expecting reward or promotion, but rather seeking after God for His own sake.
P.<Arabic>peder. Father. God’s purpose of reve­lation.
P.<Arabic>peshání. Forehead. The path of inquiry into the mysteries of a future state. See hablul matín.
A.<Arabic>tajallí. Appearance. Every mystery that is revealed to the heart.
P.<Arabic>tarsá. Pagan. The revelation of God’s majesty. See jemál.
P.<Arabic>tarsá-bachcha. A young Pagan. The Germ of the state called Hál, q.v.
A.<Arabic>tasawwuf. Sufiism. The purification (tasfíyeh) of the heart from earthly mists. See áïna.
A.<Arabic>tafrikah. Distraction. Pondering upon God’s general disposition and arrange­ment in the universe.
A.<Arabic>tauhíd. Unity. The Nature of God.
P.<Arabic>ján. Soul. Darling. The manifesta­tions of the Beloved (God).
P.<Arabic>jánán. Darling of darlings. A constant mistress. God, the concentration of stability.
A.<Arabic>jáhil. Ignorant. Worldly.
A.<Arabic>jazbah. Attraction. The nearer approach of man to his Maker, through His Grace.
A.<Arabic>jar’. A draught. The mysteries of the various stages of the journey, or, according to some, everything that is hidden from the disciple’s understand­ing during his prosecution of the jour­ney (<Arabic>).
A.<Arabic>jalál. Majesty. That which veils God from human sight.
A.<Arabic>jamál. Beauty. Manifestation of the Majesty of the Beloved One (God).
A.<Arabic>jam’. Collection. The unity of God.
A.<Arabic>jamul jam’. In Arabic grammar the plural of a plural. The high position of the Perfect Man.
P.<Arabic>cháh i zanakh. A dimple in the chin. The secret mystery of beholding God.
P.<Arabic>chashm. The eye. The beauty of Joseph.
A.<Arabic>hajj. Pilgrimage. The prosecution of the journey by devotion alone. See Part I. Chapter IV.
A.<Arabic>hál. State. Ecstasy. The beatific state induced by continued contemplation of God. This is considered to be a divine gift, and a sure prognostication of speedily arriving at The Truth.
A.<Arabic>hablul matín. The strong rope. Acknowledging the Unity of God.
A.<Arabic>husn. Beauty. The concentration of perfection in One Nature.
A.<Arabic>hikmat. Wisdom. Metaphysics. Com­prehension of the mysteries of Nature.
A.<Arabic>Hacc. The Truth. God.
A.<Arabic>hakíkat. Truth. Determination of the Nature of God.
A.<Arabic>hakíkatul haká-ik. Truth of Truths. The Nature of God as comprising all truth.
P.<Arabic>khál i siyáh. A black mole (considered a great beauty in the East). The future state.
P.<Arabic>kharábát. Tavern. The stage in which the Traveller is immersed in the Divine mysteries.
A.<Arabic>khirkah. The patched and ragged gar­ment of a religious recluse. Comeli­ness and soundness of principle.
A.P.<Arabic>khatt i sabz. Verdure. Down just appearing upon the cheek. The state of limbo, barzakh (cf. Sale’s Coran, chap. XXIII. note u).
A.<Arabic>khalá-ik. Tempers. Peoples. God’s attribute of Power.
P.<Arabic>kham i zulf. A twisting curl. Joy of the heart at knowing God*.
P.<Arabic>kháhar. Sister. Revelation.
A.<Arabic>dákhil u khárij. Entrance and exit. Drunkenness and Intoxication, see mastí.
P.<Arabic>dast. Hand. God’s attribute of Power.
A.<Arabic>dakíkah. Tittle. Probation.
A.<Arabic>dunyá. The world. Anything that hin­ders man from seeking after God.
A.<Arabic>dair. Monastery. The world of Humanity.
A.<Arabic>dín. Religion. Belief arising from the stage called tafrikah, q.v.
P.<Arabic>dahán. Mouth. An attribute of God as speaking with man.
P.<Arabic>rukhsár. The cheek. Cosmos.
P.<Arabic>rindí. Profligacy. Thinking no more of human conventionalities.
P.<Arabic>rúza. Fasting. The stage called wasl (q.v.), in which the Traveller abandons the world.
P.<Arabic>rúy. Face. The manifestation of the Deity as comprehending all things. Also The Mirror in which the God­head is reflected. See Part II. Chap. 5.
A.<Arabic>záhid. A Recluse.
P.<Arabic>zulf. Tresses. The mystery of the God­head.
A.<Arabic>zunnár. The sacred Cord worn by the Magi. The Brahminical Thread. A mistress’ ringlet; hence allegorically by the Sufis, the yearning after the appearance of the Beloved One (God).
P.<Arabic>zanakh. The chin. The point at which one beholds God.
A.<Arabic>zuhd. Abstinence. Forsaking the outer world and giving oneself up entirely to contemplation.
A.<Arabic>id. Arm. God’s attribute of Might.
A.<Arabic>sákí. Cupbearer. The appearance of Divine Love which calls for thankfulness.
P.<Arabic>sukhan. Speech. The warnings of God.
A.<Arabic>safr. A journey. Turning the attention towards God.
A.<Arabic>sawád ul wajhi fid dárain. Blackening the face (i.e. disgrace) in both worlds. Complete self-denial implying the state of him who performs the last of the “four journeys” described under asfar.
P.<Arabic>sháhid. Mistress. The appearance of The Truth (God).
P.<Arabic>shabángáh. A Night lodging. The last stage on the Journey.
A.<Arabic>sharáb. Drink, Wine. The domination of Divine Love over the heart.
A. P.<Arabic>sharáb khána. Wine shop. The invisible world.
A.<Arabic>sham’. Candle. The Divine Light kin­dling the torch of the Traveller. See candíl.
P.<Arabic>shor. Disturbance. Noise. Intercourse between God and man.
A.<Arabic>shuhúd. Gaze. The unobstructed vision of the Godhead.
A.<Arabic>sabá. The Zephyr. The breathings of the Spirit.
A.<Arabic>tá’at. Obedience. Righteousness. The Knowledge of God.
A.<Arabic>árif. Knowing. One gifted by God with a thorough knowledge of His Nature, Works and Attributes.
A.<Arabic>áshik. Lover. Man.
A.<Arabic>á’lam i jubrút. The World of Powers. The names and attributes of God. The visible, invisible and future worlds.
A.<Arabic>ishrat. Pleasure. Joy in the Lord.
A.<Arabic>ghár. A hollow. Jealousy. Turning the heart towards God.
A.<Arabic>ghammáz. One who throws side glances. The turning of the heart towards God.
A.<Arabic>firághat. Rest. Devotion to things of this world.
A.<Arabic>firák. Separation. Not recognizing the unity of God.
A.<Arabic>faná. Vanishing. The total annihila­tion of self in the contemplation of God.
A.<Arabic>faná e tamám. Complete disappearance. Total annihilation and absorption of self in the contemplation of God. Death.
A.<Arabic>cátil. Slayer. The first manifestation of desire on the part of man and of attraction on the part of God.
A.<Arabic>catíl. Slain (as by the arrows of a mis­tress’ glance). Acceptable to God.
A.<Arabic>cadh. Goblet. Time.
A.<Arabic>calb. Heart. The intermediate state between the illumination of the reason and the soul by the Divine Light.
A.<Arabic>candíl. Torch or Candle. The heart of the Traveller kindled by Divine Love.
A.<Arabic>káfir. Unbeliever. One who has reached the stage called tafrikah, q.v.
A.<Arabic>kibr. Haughtiness. The grandeur of God.
A.<Arabic>kitáb i mubín. The perspicuous book. In the Coran it signifies the contents of the eternal tablet on which that revelation was inscribed and which is also called <Arabic>. With the Sufis it stands for the heart of the Perfect Man.
A.<Arabic>kaba. The Temple at Mecca, to which the Mohammedans turn their faces in prayer. The state called wasl, q.v.
A.<Arabic>kufr. Unbelief. The darkness of the stations on the road.
P.<Arabic>kinár. Embrace. Discovery of the mys­teries of the Godhead.
P.<Arabic>gúsh. Ear. Capacity for receiving the words of God by pursuing knowledge. Sometimes it means knowledge itself, exoteric and esoteric.
P.<Arabic>gísú. Ringlet. Details of the mysteries of divinity.
A.<Arabic>láhút. Divinity. Life permeating all things.
A.<Arabic>lubb. Pith. Intelligence sanctified and purified from doubts and suspicions.
P.<Arabic>lab lab. Brimful. Drinking in the Light of God and having the gaze riveted upon Him.
P.A.<Arabic>lab i lá’l. A ruby lip. The unheard but understood words of God*. Con­science.
A.<Arabic>mádar. Mother. The tablets on which the Coran is said to have been inscribed from all eternity; called by the Arabs <Arabic> ummul Kitáb, “The Mother of The Book.”
A.<Arabic>misál. Fiction. The stage in which the Traveller arrives at a Comprehen­sion of the unity of God.
A.<Arabic>makhmúrí. Drunkenness. Returning from the stage called wusúl (see wasl), by way of cessation.
A.<Arabic>murákibeh. Observation. Rejecting conventionalities, and penetrating deeply into the truths of Religion.
P.<Arabic>marg. Death. Eternal life. “Mors janua vitae.
A.<Arabic>mazíd. Increase. The state of man.
A.<Arabic>mastí. Intoxication. Escaping from the domination of Love.
A.<Arabic>mutrib. Musician. The pir or elder who expounds the laws of God to his disciples.
A.<Arabic>mashúk. The beloved one. God.
P.<Arabic>Mughán. Magians. Christian monks, confounded with fire-worshippers by the Mohammedans. See tarsá.
P.<Arabic>mugh-bachcha. Young Magian. See tarsá bachcha.
A.<Arabic>mughní. Independent. Confessing the unity of God.
A.<Arabic>mulhid. Heretic. Pedant. Being learned in Theology.
A.<Arabic>muwáfik. Complaisant. See mulhid.
P.<Arabic>miyán. Middle. Waist. The state of the Traveller when nothing remains to veil from him the Glories of God.
P.<Arabic>mai khána. Tavern. The dominion of Divine Love.
P.<Arabic>maikedeh. Wine-house. That stage of the journey in which inclination is developed into love by the effect of prayer (see Part I. Chap. V.).
A.<Arabic>náhút. The channel through which láhút flows, q.v.
A.<Arabic>nabúwat. Prophecy. Knowing and proclaiming the truths of Godhead.
A.<Arabic>nidá. Voice. The voice of God calling in the heart and constituting Attrac­tion. See jazba.
A.<Arabic>wajd. Ecstasy. See hál.
A.<Arabic>wasl. Meeting. The unity of God; also the mean between the external and the internal. Seeing God face to face.
A.<Arabic>wakt. Time. Fixing the thoughts upon mortality.
A.<Arabic>wiláyat. Saintship. Perseverance in the contemplation of God. See faná; see also Part III. Chapter I.
A.<Arabic>welí. Saint. One who has given him­self up entirely to contemplation. See faná.
A.<Arabic>hawá. Desire. A yearning after the future life kindled by God in the heart man.
(Greek).<Arabic>hayúla. <Greek>. Materials. First prin­ciples.