Khán-zamán got intelligence of this when he was twelve kos from Máhúlí, and, notwithstanding the difficulties of the road, he reached the fort in one day. * * He immediately opened his trenches and made approaches. * * A few days after, Randaula came up, and joined in the siege. * * When the place was hard pressed, Sáhú wrote repeatedly to Khán-zamán, offering to surrender the fortress on condition of being received into the Imperial service. He was informed that if he wished to save his life, he must come to terms with 'Ádil Khán, for such was the Emperor's command. He was also advised to be quick in doing so, if he wished to escape from the swords of the besiegers. So he was compelled to make his submission to 'Ádil Khán, and he besought that a treaty might be made with him. After the arrival of the treaty, he made some absurd inadmissible demands, and withdrew from the agreement he had made. But the siege was pressed on, and the final attack drew near, when Sáhú came out of the fort and met Randaula half way down the hill, and surrendered himself with the young Nizám. He agreed to enter the service of 'Ádil Khán, and to surrender the fortress of Junír and the other forts to the Imperial generals. * * * Accordingly the forts of Junír, Trimbak, Tringalwárí, Harís, Júdhan, Júnd, and Harsirá, were delivered over to Khán-zamán. * * Randaula, under the orders of 'Ádil Khán, placed the young Nizám in the hands of Khán-zamán, and then went to Bíjápúr, accompanied by Sáhú.

[Khán-daurán takes possession of the forts of Kataljahr, and Ashta, and besieges and storms the fort of Nágpúr.]

Nizámu-l Mulk.

[Text, vol. i. part 2, p. 256.] On the 1st Zí-l hijja, 1046 A.H., Prince Murád Bakhsh, Yamínu-d daula Khán-daurán Bahádur Nusrat Jang,* and others went forth to meet Prince Aurangzeb, who had returned to Court from the Dakhin. * * He brought with him the member of Nizámu-l Mulk's family* whom the disaffected of the Dakhin had made use of for their rebellious purposes, and to whom they had given the title of Nizámu-l Mulk. He was placed under the charge of Saiyid Khán-Jahán, to be kept in the fort of Gwálior, where there were two other of the Nizáms—one of whom was made prisoner at the capture of Ahmadnagar in the reign of Jahángír, and the other at the downfall of Daulatábád in the present reign. * * On the 4th, the news came that Khán-zamán had died at Daulatábád from a complication of diseases of long standing. * * Sháyista Khán was appointed to succeed him in his command.

The Bundelas.

[Text, vol. i. part 2, p. 270.] The Bundelas are a turbulent troublesome race. Notwithstanding that Jajhár, their chief, had been slain, the rebellious spirits of the tribe had taken no warning, but had set up a child of his named Pirthí Ráj, who had been carried off alive from the field of battle, and they had again broken out in rebellion. * * Khán-daurán Bahádur Nusrat Jang was ordered to suppress this insurrection, and then to pro­ceed to his government in Málwá.

Storm at Thatta.

[p. 276.] On the 23rd Rabí'u-l awwal letters were received from Thatta, reporting that rain had fallen incessantly for thirty-six hours in all the towns and places near the sea-shore. Many houses and buildings were destroyed, and great numbers of men and beasts of all kinds were drowned. The wind blew so furiously that huge trees were torn up by their roots, and the waves of the sea cast numbers of fishes on to the shore. Nearly a thousand ships, laden and unladen, went down from the violence of the sea, and heavy losses fell upon the ship-owners. The land also, over which the waves were driven, became impregnated with salt, and unfit for cultivation.

Conquest of Tibet.

[Text, vol. i. part 2, p. 281.] The late Emperor Jahángír long entertained the design of conquering Tibet, and in the course of his reign Háshim Khán, son of Kásim Khán Mír-bahr, governor of Kashmír, under the orders of the Emperor, invaded the country with a large force of horse and foot and local zamíndárs. But although he entered the country, and did his best, he met with no success, and was obliged to retreat with great loss and with much difficulty. * * The Imperial order was now given that Zafar Khán, governor of Kashmír, should assemble the forces under his command, and effect the conquest of that country. Accordingly he collected nearly eight thousand horse and foot, composed of Imperial forces, men of his own, and retainers of the marzbáns of his province. He marched by the difficult route of Karcha-barh, and in the course of one month he reached the district of Shkardú, the first place of importance in Tibet, and on this side of the Níláb (Indus). 'Alí Ráí, father of Abdál, the present Marzbán of Tibet, had built upon the summits of two high mountains two strong forts—the higher of which was called Kaharphúcha, and the other Kahchana. Each of them had a road of access “like the neck of a reed, and the curve of a talon.” The road of communication between the two was on the top of the mountain. Abdál shut himself up in the fort of Kaharphúcha. He placed his minister and general manager in the fort of Kahchana, and he sent his family and property to the fort of Shakar, which stands upon a high moun­tain on the other side of the Níláb.

Zafar Khán, after examining the height and strength of the fortresses, was of opinion that it was inexpedient to invest and attack them; but he saw that the military and the peasantry of Tibet were much distressed by the harsh rule of Abdál, and he resolved to win them over by kindness. Then he sent a detach­ment to subdue the fort of Shakar, and to make prisoners of the family of Abdál. The whole time which the army could keep the field in this country was two months; for if it remained longer, it would be snowed up. It was for this reason that he sent Mír Fakhru-d dín, * * with four thousand men, against the fort of Shakar, while he himself watched the fort in which Abdál was. He next sent Hasan, nephew of Abdál, with some other men of Tibet, who had entered into the Imperial service, and some zamíndárs of Kashmír, who had friendly relations with the people of the country, to endeavour by persuasion and promises to gain over the people. * * Mír Fakhr passed over the river Níláb, and laid siege to the fort. Daulat, son of Abdál, of about fifteen years of age, was in charge of the fort. He sallied out to attack the besiegers, * * but was driven back with loss. * * The besiegers then advanced, and opened their trenches against the gate on the Shkardú side. The son of Abdál was so frightened by these proceedings, that, regardless of his father's family (in the fort), he packed up the gold, silver, and what was portable, and escaped in the night by the Káshghar gate. Mír Fakhru-d dín, being apprised of his flight, entered the fort. He could not restrain his followers from plundering; but he took charge of Abdál's family. A force was sent in pursuit of the son, which could not overtake him, but returned with some gold and silver he had thrown away on the road.

On hearing of this victory, Zafar Khán pressed on the siege of Kaharphúcha and Kahchana. * * The governor and garrison of the latter surrendered. * * Abdál, in despair at the progress made by the invaders, and at the loss of his wives and children, opened negociations and surrendered the fort of Kaharphúcha. * * Zafar Khán was apprehensive that the snow would fall and close the passes, and that, at the instigation of Abdál, he might be attacked from the side of Kashmír. So, without making any settlement of the country, and without searching after Abdál's property, he set out on his return, taking with him Abdál, his family, and some of the leading men of the enemy. He left Muhammad Murád, Abdál's vakíl, in charge of the country.