Muzaffar Khán, since his appointment to the government of Bengal, had not sent a single article of the productions of the country, or any portion of its revenue, to the Imperial treasury; but he now sent five lacs of rupees in cash, various goods and articles of the country, and elephants and rarities of great value, which were graciously accepted. Muhammad Ma'súm Kábulí also sent thirty-nine elephants as tribute.

On a Friday in this month notice was given for all the poor and needy to assemble on the chaugán ground. Sultán Khwája Kalíj Khán distributed the alms to them one by one. Nearly a lac of persons assembled, and there was such a crowd and crush that eighty weak women and children were trampled to death. When the Emperor was informed of this, he ordered that for the future the people should come a few at a time, and not make a crowd.

Kutbu-d dín Atka, a nobleman of high rank, was now ap­pointed tutor to Prince Salím. In celebration of this appoint­ment he gave a grand feast, and the young prince honoured him with his presence. There was a grand assemblage, and Kutbu-d dín made many offerings of elephants and Arab horses, jewels and cloths. According to the usual custom, Kutbu-d dín Mu­hammad Atka carried the prince upon his back, and raised his aspiring head to the pinnacle of grandeur. He made presents of money and jewels to the prince, and the clamour of congratu­lations reached the sky.

'Abdu-lla Khán Uzbek, ruler of Máwaráu-n nahr, had always kept up a friendly intercourse and community of feeling, and used to send his envoys to the Imperial Court. His Majesty now sent Mirzá Fulád with Khwája Khatíb, a native of Bukhárá, as his envoys to 'Abdu-lla Khán, bearing a letter* full of kind words, and a great variety of presents. [A legal discussion. The usual journey to Ajmír.] On the 21st Shawwál he returned to Fathpúr. Mihtar Sa'ádat, whose title is Peshrau Khán, and who had been sent on an embassy to Nizámu-l Mulk Dakhiní, now returned with the Dakhiní envoys, who brought with them elephants and other tribute.

Twenty-sixth year of the Reign.

Corresponding to 988 H.*

An Imperial order was made abolishing the tamghá (tolls) and the zakát* (customs) throughout the empire. Farmáns enforcing this abolition were issued. These taxes amounted to as much as the whole revenue of I'rán, and it is clear that no king would have remitted them without divine guidance.* In this year Muhammad Ma'súm Khán, son of Mu'ínu-d dín Ahmad Khán Farankhúdí, who held the government of Jaun-púr, came to Court, and was allowed to return to that place. Mullá Muhammad Yazdí was appointed chief kází of Jaunpúr. The government of Dehlí was given to Muhibb 'Alí Khán, son of Mír Khalífa.

Affairs of Bengal.

Muzaffar Khán, on arriving in Bengal, set about arranging the affairs of that province. But his prosperity was on the wane, and his day was gone by. He was harsh in his measures, he offended men with his words, he deprived many amírs of their jágírs, he demanded the dágh (brand-tax), and brought old practices up again.

Bábá Khán Kákshál, although he was conciliatory, and begged that his jágír might be left undisturbed, was called upon for the dágh, and received no attention. The pargana of Jalesar, which was the jágír of Kháldí Khán, was taken away from him at the beginning of the spring harvest, and was added as tankhwáh to the jágír of Sháh Jamálu-d dín Husain. A sum of money due from the spring harvest had been received by Kháldí Khán, and to recover this Muzaffar Khán put him in prison, and ordered him to be scourged and bastinadoed.

At this time a farmán arrived from the Imperial Court, direct­ing Muzaffar Khán to apprehend and put to death a servant of Mirzá Muhammad Hakím named Roshan Beg, who had left Kábul and gone into Bengal, and to send his head to Court. This Roshan Beg was among the Káksháls, and Muzaffar Beg issued an order for his execution. He also spake some harsh words about Bábá Khán Kákshál. The soldiers who were present, and especially Bábá Khán and the Káksháls, trembled together, and resolved upon mutiny. They shaved their heads, put on their high caps,* and broke out into revolt. Crossing the river, they went to the city of Gaur, celebrated in old times under the name of Lakhnautí. There they collected men, and having found property of Muzaffar Khán in several places, they took it or destroyed it. Muzaffar Khán collected boats, and sent Hakím Abú-l Fath and Patar Dás,* with an army against them on the banks of the river.

When the disaffection of the Káksháls was reported to the Emperor, he sent a farmán to Muzaffar Khán, in which he said that the Káksháls had long been servants of the throne, and that it was not right to hurt them; they were therefore to be conciliated and encouraged with hopes of the Emperor's favour, and the matter of their jágírs was to be settled. The farmán arrived at the time when Muzaffar Khán was in face of the insurgents.

Upon the arrival of the farmán, Bábá Khán and the other rebels made a show of submission, and sent a message to Muzaffar Khán, asking him to send Rizwí Khán and Patar Dás to arrange terms with them, and to set their minds at ease. He accordingly sent Rizwí Khán, Mír Abú Ishák, son of Mír Rafí'u-d dín and Ráí Patar Dás. Bábá Khán put all three of them in confinement, and so stirred the fire of warfare.

Coincident with this, it so happened that Mullá Taiyib, Pur-khottam Bakhshí, and the revenue officials of Bihár, also entered upon harsh dealings. They took away the jágírs of Muhammad Ma'súm Kábulí, 'Arab Bahádur, and all the amírs, and so laid the foundation of an evil system. Ma'súm Kábulí, who after this insurrection obtained the cognomen of 'A'sí, having leagued with 'Arab Bahádur and Sufaid Badakhshí, resolved to rebel, and kill Mullá Taiyib and Ráí Purkhottam. Having put them to flight, they plundered their dwellings. After a few days, Purkhottam rallied some loyal subjects, and crossed the river Jausa with the intention of attacking the rebels. But the rebel 'Arab Bahádur anticipated him, took him unawares, and killed him.

Upon intelligence of 'A'sí Ma'súm's rebellion reaching Bábá Khán Kákshál, a correspondence was opened between them, and when the Káksháls confronted Muzaffar Khán, 'A'sí marched to assist them, and arrived at Garhí. Muzaffar Khán then sent Khwája Shamsu-d dín Muhammad Khwáfí with a detachment and some guns to the passes of Garhí, to arrest the progress of 'A'sí Ma'súm. But the latter had a strong force; he broke through Garhí, and attached the Khwája and defeated him. He then formed a junction with the Káksháls, and the revolt gathered strength.

The Káksháls then crossed the river, and advanced against Muzaffar Khán. Wazír Jamíl,* one of the old amírs of the State, along with Ján Muhammad Bihbúdí and some others, deserted Muzaffar Khán, and joined the insurgents. Muzaffar Khán then took shelter in the fort of Tánda, which was nothing better than four walls. The rebels occupied the town of Tánda. They took Hakím Abú-l Fath, Khwája Shamsu-d dín and others prisoners, and began to pillage. Hakím Abú-l Fath with the Khwája and Ráí Patar Dás effected their escape by artifice, and fled on foot. By the help of the zamíndárs, they managed to reach Hájípúr. The rebels made themselves masters of the fort of Tánda, brought Muzaffar Khán out of his house upon a solemn assurance (of safety), and put him to death. They took possession of his property and effects, and all the country of Bengal and Bihár fell into their hands. Nearly 30,000 horsemen assembled round the rebels. The Emperor some time before this had taken Mirzá Sharafu-d dín Husain out of prison, and sent him to Bengal to Muzaffar Khán.* The rebels now released him from confinement, and placed him at their head. So the revolt increased.