And in the year 945 H. Mīrzā Hindāl, at the instigation of cer­tain turbulent innovators,* put to death Shaikh Buhlūl, the elder brother of Shaikh Muḥammad Ghau of Gwāliār, who was one of the chief exponents of the art of invocation and incantation,* and who enjoyed the full confidence and friendship of Humāyūn. The year in which this event occurred was commemorated by the chro­nogram Faqad māta Shahīdan.* Verily he died a martyr's death.

Mīrzā Hindāl in this year read the Khubah in his own name in Āgra. Humāyūn despatched five thousand picked men to rein­force Jahāngīr Bēg the Mughūl, and making over the rule of that country to him, with permission to read the Khubah should occa­sion arise, set out for Āgra, and, all unprepared as he was, reached Jausā,* which is a village on the bank of the Ganges. The Amīrs of Jaunpūr and Chinār came in and offered to tender their services. Shīr Khān seized the head of the road, and being aware of the distress of the army, placed between it and his own army a canal,* which joined the Ganges, and, owing to the rains, was quite full of water, and for three months encamped over against the King. It is said that during this period when they were confronting each other, Humāyūn one day sent Mulla Muḥammad ‘Azīz,* who was an old friend of Shīr Khān, as an ambassador.* Shīr Khān was at that moment with his sleeves* rolled up, and with a spade in ³⁵¹ his hand, in spite of the heat, was busy preparing the fort and entrenchments.

When Mulla Muḥammad came near he washed his hands, and having ordered a shāmiāna* to be pitched, sat on the ground un­ceremoniously, and after hearing the King's message said, “Take this one message from me to the King and say: ‘You yourself desire war, but your army does not, I on the other hand, do not desire war,* but my army does: for the rest the decision is the King's.’” Then he sent Shaikh Khalīl,* one of the descendants of the venerable Shaikh Farīd Ganj-i-Shakkar, may God sanclify his soul, who was the spiritual guide of Shīr Khān, to Humāyūn, and made overtures of peace to him, representing that he was willing to give up to Humāyūn's representatives the whole country with the exception of Bangāla, and would have the Khubah and sikka estab­lished in Humāyūn's name. This agreement was ratified between them by an oath on the Divine Word, and Humāyūn's mind was at peace with regard to Shīr Khān.

A bridge was ordered to be thrown across: but Shīr Khān was plotting treachery and deceit.

Verse.

Make the camel leap from the room of the deceit of the world,
because out of craft,
In that room where they speak of peace the camel is clad in
armour.
I flee from the camel of the heavens and the room of the earth,
Because there are maddened camels surrounding that room.

The following morning he surprised and attacked the army of Humāyūn, without giving them time to draw up in line. After a short skirmish Humāyūn's army was defeated, and the Afghāns arriving first* at the head of the bridge broke it down, while their artillerists and archers seated in boats kept the army under a per­fect hail of fire, drowning* them in the ocean of destruction. Muḥammad Zamān Mīrzā was overwhelmed by the tempest of death, and Humāyūn urged his horse into the water and was in dread of drowning, in fact was on the point of drowning, when a water carrier* came to his aid and rescued him from that whirlpool of destruction. Then he turned towards Āgra. Shīr Khān wrote ^352.* this verse upon that event:—

Thou givest sovereignty to Farīd the son of Hasan,*
Thou givest the army of Humāyūn to the fishes

Although the master (Ustād) has [this second verse]—*

One thou exaltest and givest him sovereignty,
Another thou castest down from his throne to the fishes.*

This event occurred in the year 946 H. and to commemorate it the following chronogram was written:

And Shīr Khān after the victory turned back, and came to Bangāla, and after fighting several engagements* put to death Jahāngīr Qulī Bēg with all his following. In that country he read the Khubah in his own name, and assumed the title of Shīr Shāh,* and in the following year proceeded with a vast army intending to capture Āgra. Kāmrān Mīrzā, prior to the affair of Jausā, after hearing of the victory of Shīr Khān and the rebellion of Mīrzā Hindāl against Humāyūn, returned from Qandahār to Lāhor, and leaving there came to Āgra, which he reached in the year 946 H. Mīrzā Hindāl himself, before the arrival of Mīrzā Kāmrān, in the absence of Humāyūn, laid siege to Dihlī, in which Mīr Fakhr ‘Alī and Mīrzā Yādgār Nāṣir had fortified themselves; but not meeting with any success joined hands with Mīrzā Kāmrān. Mīr Fakhr ‘Alī also came in and had an interview with him, ³⁵³ but Mīrzā Yādgār Nāṣir would not leave the fort. Eventually Mīrzā Hindāl separating from Mīrzā Kāmrān proceeded to Alwar. When Humāyūn heard these tidings, he became still more despon­dent, * till that eventful defeat took place:* after the defeat at Jansā* he proceeded by forced marches, accompanied by a few horsemen, and arrived unawares at the tent of Mīrzā Kāmrān in Āgra. The Mīrzā also knew nothing of his coming; both brothers upon recog­nising each other burst into tears.* Afterwards Hindāl Mīrzā and Muḥammad Sulān Mīrzā and his sons, who had for a time shewn hostility, came in and offered their submission for certain consider­ations: Their faults were pardoned and they sat in consultation. Mīrzā Kāmrān ostensibly had this intention, that, inasmuch as the army of the Panjāb had gathered fresh force, Humāyūn should grant him leave to proceed against Shīr Khān and endeavour to take vengeance on him, while the King should remain in ease and tranquillity at the Capital. When Humāyūn declined to accede to this proposal, the Mīrzā put forward a claim to proceed to* the Panjāb, and urged an infinity of reasons, giving colour to the suggestion that a refusal would cause him insupportable annoyance. Accordingly Humāyūn acceded* to all his requests, saving only his return; and Khwāja Kalān Bēg was exerting his efforts to procure the return of Mīrzā Kāmrān to the Panjāb: so that this argument was carried on for six months and nothing was settled.* In the meantime Mīrzā Kāmrān was taken ill with a complication of severe diseases,* and when the diagnosis was arrived at that the source of the disease was a poison, which had been poured into his life's cup by the hand of circumstance, he was led by the whisperings of interested advisers* to entertain suspicion against Humāyūn, and imagined that perhaps it was he who had administered* ^354. poison to him. Ill as he was he returned to Lāhor, and in breach* of his former agreement that he would leave the whole of his army at Āgra in the service of the king, took the whole of it* with him, with the exception of two thousand men whom he left under the command of Sikandar. Mīrzā Ḥaidar the Mughul and Dughlāt* Kashmīrī also remained at Āgra, and were kindly treated. Shīr Khān waxed bold at the success of these hypocrisies, and towards the close of the year* aforesaid reached the bank of the Ganges, and despatching a* force under his son Qub Khān, sent him across [the Ganges]* against Kalpī and Itāwa. Qāsim Ḥusain Sulān Usbeg, in concert with Yādgār Nāṣir Mīrzā and Iskandar Sulān, after a fight in the vicinity of Kālpī, put to death the son of Shīr Khān with a large number* of his following, sending their heads to Āgra.