It is related by historians that when Koblai Khan (who had for some reason quitted the country of Tuknas or Tungnas, and had arrived at Chungdoo, the capital of Khutaie, on his return to Moghulistan) heard of the death of his brother Mango, he immediately assumed the sovereignty in Chungdoo; this happened in the year 658 (Peelan eel Toorki), his brother Areek Noka, however, who had been left in charge of Karakorum by Mango Khan, when he marched to Tungnas or Macheen, also assumed the sovereignty at the capital, and several battles were fought between the brothers; at length, however, Areek Noka being defeated and abandoned by his partisans, submitted himself to his brother; and, Koblai or Kowilai Khan, after consulting with his ameers, shut up his brother Areek Noka, in a square enclosure formed of thorns or thorny bushes, of the acacia or babool tree, and placed a guard over him. Areek Noka, or Boka, lived in this enclosure a year, after which he died.
Kaidoo Tuburkeh, the grandson of Ooktaie Khan, next rebelled against Kowilai or Kublai Khan, and fought many battles with him and Kaidoo, accompanied by Arlaut Aghak, the chief of the ameers of Ooktaie Khan, and other tribes and people left Aligh Yuroot, and went to reside with the aloos of Jooras, who were the shepherds of Chungeez Khan, and lived in the vicinity of the tribes or-aloos of Chughtaie Khan. Koblai Khan despatched troops against him several times, but Kaidoo always succeeded in defeating them. Koblai Khan, in consequence of the enmity subsisting between him and the people of China and Macheen, also despatched an army of 800,000 men from Chungdoo to Tungnas, and again conquered that country: he also built a city and palace near Chungdoo, the ancient capital of Khutaie, or Northern China. The reason was, Kowilai Khan did not like to reside in the city of Altan Khan, the Chinese king, and he therefore laid the foundations of another city and palace near it, which he called Koorshi.* This city was fortified by four walls within each other, the distance between each being more than an arrow-shot. The first or outer line of fortifications was called Kirias; the second was assigned to the officers of the army; the third was the station of the Khan’s guards, and the fourth enclosure that of the palace. This city was called by the Moghools Khan Baligh; of the remains of this city also is a large river or canal from the river Zeitoun, which cuts off forty days’ journey from the ports of Hindoostan; this is brought through Khan Baligh; the breadth is said to be so considerable that it cannot be passed but in boats. Many merchants live, and carry on their trade wholly upon it; and the whole extent is navigable for large vessels. Some say it is four fursungs in breadth, and some say the city is four fursungs broad, the truth of this God knows. Kowilai Khan reigned thirty-five years, and died in the year 693 Hejri, or Yellan eel, his age being seventy-three years.